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CEREMONIES 

AT THE UNVEILING 

OF THE 

SOUTH CAROLINA 
Monuttieiit 

ON THE 

Chickamauga Battlefield, 

MAY 27th, 1901. 



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TOGETHER WITH A Co>^^>»^iss I on. 

Record of the Commission Who Suggested and Were 

Instrumental in Securing and Erecting 

the Monument, Etc. 






GOV. ]VI. B. M'SWEErJEY, Chairma9. 
GEH- C. IHVI^1E WALil^Bf^, Secretary. 
GEJ^. d. W. FliOYD, Adjt. and Insect. Genl. 

COIi. C. I^. HENDEf^SONi 
COIi. tJ. HflP^VBY WIliSON- 



^ 



<:^ 



PROCEEDINGS. 

PROCESSION TO THE MONUMENT. 

The train carrying the Governor and Staff and the Volun- 
teer State Troops, had arrived during the night of the 26th of 
May, but that carrying Gen. C. I. Walker, and the Veterans, 
was delayed owing to an accident ahead of it, so the trains did 
not leave for the run down to the battle field until i P. M., 
May 27th. On reaching Lytle Station, the procession as 
formed was as follows: 

GEN. T. W. CARWIIvE, Chief Marshal. 

COL. JAMES G. HOLMES, Chief of Staff. 

Aides^Maj. O. Iv. Schumpert, Capt. Thomas C. Thomp- 
son, Capt. Geo. H. Webb, Capt. C. M. Wii^lingham, Capt. 
Geo. E. McGee, Capt. A. W. Chambliss, Capt. Sam M. 
Chambliss, Capt. W. J. Willingham. 

Band. 

PROVISIONAL REGIMENT SOUTH CAROLINA VOLUNTEER 

TROOPS. 

Colonel — Wilie Jones. 
Adjutant —IviEUT. Frank C. Tompkins. 
IstBATTALLION. 

Lieut. Col. D. O. Herbert. 
lyiEUT J. A. Berry, Adjt. 

Company A— Kepshaw Guard, (Camden, S. C ) 

Captain — S. C. Zemp. 

1st Lieut. — H. L- Watkins. 

2nd Lieut. — R. R. Team. 

Sergeants— Hough, I. C, DeLoache, B. P., Watkins, A. L., 
DeLoache, W. R., Cureton, R. C. 

Corporals— Burnett, W. S., Rhame, B. W., Moore, C C, 
Lang, J. K., Shannon, R. 

Privates —Alexander, L. A., Alexander, P. R., Avants, T. J., 
Baum, M. H., Boykin, W. D., Barfield, T., Billings, N., 



4 PROCEKDINGS OF UNVEILING 

Bmce, R. C, Campbell, P, Crosby, G. W., Clements, G. R. 
Ctmningham, W. E., DePass, W. L., DePass, H. I., Goodale, 
C. Hough, W. R , Latham, D., Lang, T. W., McCreight, E. 
O., McCreight, H W., McDowell, J. K. McLeod, E., Phelps, 
C. F., Rhame, G. A., Seabrook, C P., Sheorn, W., Singleton, 
J. A., Smith, S., Vaughan, J. E., Von Presckow, E. C, Whit- 
taker, A G, Weinberg, A., Williams, S. A., Workman, J. K., 
Zemp, W R., Zemp, D. M., Zemp, A. S., Brown C. E., Trues- 
del, E., Shannon, Pat, Picket, J. C , Blanding, P., Jones, E. L. 

Company C-Govepnop's Guards and Richland Volunteers. 

governor's guards. 

Captain — Augustus M. Deal. 

Sergeants— Howie. A. P., and Walker, R. D. 

Corporals— Sessions. S. C, Thomas, John, and West, J. h- 

Privates — Bynum, Frank, High, M. L , Calvo, R. D., Bailev, 
J. D . Moore. William, High, W., Long, E., Howie, B. H., 
Andrews, B. F. 

Regimental Surgeon — Dr. S. M. Deal. 

Regimental Color Sergeant — R. D. Walker, 

RICHLAND VOLUNTEERS. 

3st Lieutenant — Frank G, Tompkins. 

2nd Lieutenant — H. H. Holloway. 

ist Sergeant — Talley, S. B., Quatermaster Sergeant, — 
Hamilton, C B., Sergeant Flowers. 

Privates — Oglesby, J. S. , Martin, Robert, Taylor, W. Lm 
Black. John, Blatt, E. M., Pettigru, E. 

Color Sergeant — ^J. H Heise. 

Company D -Irish Volunteers. 

Captain — David F. Kearney. 

1st Lieutenant— J. P. B. O'Neill. 

2nd Lieutenant — J. P. Sullivan. 

ist Sergeant — Morris, J J. Sergeants — Duffy, Frank, Miller, 
John J., Sheeban, R. G , Color Sergeant Rose, A. W. 

Corporal Hartwell, C. 

Privates — Kennedy. M. F., Kennedy, D. M., Walsh, J. M., 
Bestorelli, P., Grace, M. J., Becker, T., Oliver, H. Jr., Harri- 
gan, L. , Quinlivan, J., Blanche, J. D., Schuler, J. J,. Condon, 
W. J. Jr., Livingston, J. A., Toglio, C. P., Cameron, W. S., 
McGrath, E., Walsh, J. M., Duncan, J., Mansfield, H., Kee- 
gan, J. F., Duflfy, J. R., Murphy, G. M., Donnelley, J. P. E., 
Blanche, J. D., Rose, W. H., Blanche, Wm. 



SOUTH CAROLINA I^IONUMEXT CHICKAMAUGA. 5 

2n(i BATTAILION. 

LiKUT. Col. H. Fay. 

Company F—MoFgan Rifles. 

Captain — J. F. Langston. 

ist Lieut. — A. M. Sondley- 

2nd Lieut. — J. E. Kirby. 

ist Sergeant— Tinsley, W. A. Sergeants Tiddy, A. F., 
Cudd, Jas. W., Begg, J. R. 

Qt. Master Sergeant — Tinsley, L. A. 

Color Sergeant — Druramonds, H. S. 

Corporals— Henderson, M. P. Merchant, John, Willis, T, J., 
Pettit, Walter, Cooksey, O. L. 

Privates— Emory, T. H. Copper, W. R , Zimmerman, R. 
D., Miller, J. F.. Cannon, R. W., Savage, T. A.. Brown, T. 
M., Giles, W. J., Thomas, E. B . Friday, B. G , Byars, R. B.. 
Byars, R. W., Cooksey, R. S., Henderson, J. H., (Rippey, A. 
S. servant. ) 

Company I— Chester Light Infantry 

Captain — J. C McLure. 

ist Lieut. -R. G. Mills. 

2nd Lieut.— W. C. Bates. 

ist Sergeant Carroll, W. W., Sergeants, Bowles, W. P., 
Marshall, R. G , Latimer, G.Carl. 

Corporals— Crawford, James, Cross, J. Clarence, Woods, 
Harper R. 

Privates— Bennett, Gill, Clonsiger, Jos , Douglas, Thos., 
Hamilton, J. Ernest, Hardee, W. G , Hardin, W. B., HolLey, 
Lynn, Home, J. F.. Home, R. H., Leard, Sam'I., Nuttall, B. 
F., Owens. C. C. Potts, O L-, Pleasants. W. E., Spratt B. 
M. Jr., Stevens, J. B.. Stewart, Ji>hn, Westbrook, W, M. 

Company L— Jasper Light Infantry 

Captain — W. B. Moore. 

ist Lieut — Jno. R. Hunt. 

Chaplain — Jno. C. Johns. 

ist Sergeant — Lowry, Tod, Sergeants — Dobson, Frank, 
Williams, Will L. 

Corporals — Williams, Geo., Latimer, Walker, Williams, 
Will B. 

Privates — Scoggins, F. , Alexander, J , Lindsay, F. , Dickson, 
J., Turner, T.,Sumirell, S , Stephenson, A., Jenkins, J , Rose, 
W. , Lowry, Avery, Walker, Joe, Adams, Will, McKnight, C, 
Dobson, B., Cloniger, B., Robinson, O, Smith, B., Johnson, 
B., Tittie, F. 



6 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

3rd BATTALION. 

Major W. Loring Lee. 
. LiKUT. R. C. Rollins, Adjutant. 

Company H— Sumter Light Infantry. 

Captain — H. F. Wilson 

ist Lieutenant — T. S. Doar. 

ist Sergeant — Yeadon, C. D. Sergeants — Reid, H. V. 
Bradford, R. D. 

Corporal — R. S. Moise, 

Privates — Auld, William, Boyle, Ladson, Barrett, A. W., 
Cuttino, Willie, Flowers, Hampton, Flowers, Thomas E., 
Gillespie, S. W.. Gallagher, Pat, Hutcheson, G. W., Joye, 
Charlie, Pate, Hemphill, Pate, W. H., Jr., Seymour, W. A. 
Sanders, R. D , Gaillard, C. J., Witherspoon, J. H., Sanders, 
Marion, Sanders, A. H., Gentry, R. K., Bradley, T. M., 
Bradford, J. D. 

Company B -Palmetto Guards. 

Lieutenant — Emile E. Passailague. 

Lientenant — W. Orrin Bee. 

Ordinance Sergeant — W. Hampton Smith. 

ist Sergeant — Browning, St. J. J., Sergeants Ogren — 
Charles E-, Bee, J. P. 

Corporals— McCarroU, T. R., Hirsch, G. H , Johnson, E- P. 

Secretary — H. S. Milnor. 

Privates— Collina, H. P., Hackerman, J. W., Jr., Hoist, R., 
Honour, S J., LaRoche, A., McMillan, D , Moorer, M J., Mea- 
cher, A. C, Steinmeyer, C. E., Jr., Terry, H. S., Webb, J. T., 
White, N., Ingraham, Mensing, A. C., Moody, J R., Terry. J. 
W., Reader, O-, Howe, O., Ramon, J. 

Company E— Timmonsville Guards 

Captain— W. H. Keith. 

ist Lieutenant — R. K. Charles. 

2nd Lieutenant — R. C. Rollins. 

ist Sergeant — Sirams F. M. Sergeants — Anderson, W., 
Lewis, C. W. 

Color Sergeant— D. H. Traxler. 

Corporals— Green, S. M., Traxler, D. B., Jordon, L. H. D., 

Privates — Andrews, R. C, Baker, S. C, Baskins, J. E. 
Carter, J. M., Crosswell, H. H. Garner, A. R. , Green, R. R., 
Ham, Q. J., Hamel, R. W., Hill, Geo. E., Hill, S. J., Hill, 
J. E. , Hudson, A. C. , Johnson, J. E., Lawhon, J. B., McLen- 
don, J. W., Purvis, M. B., T.uluck, J. M. 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 7 

J. A. Cole, Surgeon. 
J. E. Traxler, Bugler. 

THE AUDIENCE AND STAGE. 

There was a large audience filling the seats, the State troops 
were crowded around the stage, and the stage itself was filled 
with distinguished officials and guests. 

Among those present officially and occupying seats on the 
stage were : South Carolina Chicamauga Commission — Gov. 
M. B. McSweeney, Gen. C. I. Walker, Gen. J. W. Floyd, 
Col. J. Harvey Wilson, Col. C. K. Henderson. Speakers — 
Hon. D. S. Henderson, Bishop Ellison Capers, Rev. John 
Kershaw. U. S. Park Commission — Gen. Henry V. Boynton, 
Col. Frank G. Smith, Gen. A. P. Stewart, Col. J. P. Smart, 
Capt. E. E. Betts, Park Engineer — Of staff of Governor Candler, 
of Georgia, Gen. James W. Robertson, Adjutant General, Gen. 
Phil. G. Byrd, Assistant Adjutant General, Col. W. G. Obear, 
Inspector General, Lt. Col. S. H. Kennan. Unveilers and 
their chaperones — Miss Ada Orie Walker, Mrs. C. I. Walker, 

Miss Mary Sydnor DePre, Mrs. Legare, Miss Elberta 

Bland, Miss Elizabeth C. Teague, Miss Annie Norwood. 
Governor's Staff— Col. J. D. Frost, Col. J. F. Folk, Col. 
Thos. F. Brantley, Lieutenant Colonels, A. H. Moss, August 
Kohn, E. J. Watson, Thos. C. Hamer, C. J. Redding, D. A. 
Spivey and E. H. Aull; Captains, S. Brown Hyatt and W.E. 
Aughtry. Chief Marshall, Commission and Staff" — Col. Wilie 
Jones and staff and officers of the State troops. The battle 
flags of the Seventh, Tenth and Twenty-fourth South Carolina 
regiments were on the stage, together with several flags of 
Camps of U. C. V. 

UNVEILING CEREMONIES. 

Gov. Miles B. McSweeney, presided and introduced Rev. John 
Kershaw, D. D., a son of the distinguished Gen. J. B. Kershaw 
to make the opening prayer. He said : 

Almighty God, unto whom all hearts are open and all desires 
known, we come into Thy presence acknowledging our 
unworthiness and confessing our iniquities. We thank Thee 
for the many mercies and blessings that Thou hast bestowed 
upon us/ for that Word which is a light unto our feet and a 



8 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

lantern unto our paths; for Thy goodness that has followed us 
all the days of our life and has spared us to meet together here 
after so many years. We thank Thee for the good examples 
of all those who have departed hence in the true faith of Thy 
name ; for the courage and constancy of those in whose mem- 
ory this monument has been erected — their faithfulness to 
duty, their firmness in the hour of trial, their endurance even 
unto the end. Look merciful O Lord, upon them and upon us, 
and give us grace to desire that which Thou dost promise, to 
love ihat which Thou dost command, that so among the man- 
ifold changes of the world . our hearts may surely there be 
fixed where true joys are to be found. We ask Thy blessing 
upon our country and its people; that they may be true to Thee 
and to all that is right, pure, true, honest and lovely and of 
good report; that they may show forth in their lives that right- 
eousness which exalteth a nation and avoid the sin that is a 
reproach to any people. We ask Thy blessing upon these sur- 
vivors of a cause that is called lost — give them the increase of 
faith, hope and charity, that, as they grow in age, they may 
grow in grace and into Thy likeness, knowledge and love, and 
finally may by Thy mercy enter upon that inheritance that is 
incorruptible, undefiled and that fadeth not away. 

Bless, O Lord, this symbol of devotion, this memorial of them 
that counted not their life as dear unto themselves, but freely 
gave it up for what they loved. May it stand the enduring 
tribute of the love and honor of comrades who, in commemora- 
ting them thus, are giving them their pledge that they will 
emulate their noble qualities and perpetuate the stock from 
which heroes sprung. Make us all mindful of that time when 
we, too, shall lie down in the dust, so that when we shall have 
served Thee in our generation we may be gathered unco our 
fathers, having the testimony of good conscience; in the com- 
munion of Christ's Holy Church; in the confidence of a cer- 
tain faith; in the comfort of a reasc noble, religious and holy 
hope; in favor with Thee, our God, and in perfect charity 
with the world. All of which we ask through Jesus Christ, 
our Lord. Amen! 

Gov. McSweeney, then made the following address: 

Govepnop MeSweeney's Addpess. 

Fellow-Countrymen: — More than a generation has passed 
since the day of carnage which made this spot historic, when 
foeman met foeman worthy of his steel in bloody contest. 
It was not a conflict between hired soldiers but of men equal 
in courage and of the same great race who were contending 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICK AM AUGA. 9 

for principles they believed to be right. The heroism and the 
fortitude displayed by the Southern soldier in this conflict has 
never been surpassed in the history of the world. He con- 
sidered that he was contending for the principle upon which 
our government was founded and he went into the conflict as 
a patriotic duty, and duty was his watchword from°Manassas 
to Appomattox. On no other hypothesis can you explain the 
privation and the suffering which he so cheerfully and readily 
endured. 

This spirit of patriotism prevailed not only among the men 
of the South, but the women, like the Spartan mothers of old, 
sent their sons and loved ones to the front with a cheerfulness 
born of a patriotism that will make any people great. From 
the first gun at Fort Sumter until arms were stacked at Appo- 
mattox they endured hardships and privations with a fortitude 
rarely equalled and never excelled. 

And when the Confederate soldier stacked his arms and 
furled forever the flag which he had followed through victory 
and defeat and turned his face homeward, shattered and worn, 
there were no vain regrets for the part he had played in the 
great drama of war, but with a cheerfulness unparalleled and 
a spirit undaunted he began anew the battle of life and the 
work of rebuilding his lost fortunes and today there is no one 
more ready or more willing to respond to the defense of our 
common country than the Confederate soldier. This was 
demonstrated in our last war with Spain when Joe Wheeler 
saved the day at Satiago and young Bagley laid his life upon 
the altar of his country. It is meet and right that we should 
perpetuate his memory in bronze and stone, but better still 
that it should be embalmed in the hearts and lives of those 
who are to come after us. This we can do and at the same 
time accept the result of the combat and still be true to the 
flag. 

This is a proud day for South Carolina. This beautiful 
park has been purchased by the general government, and each 
State having troops engaged in this great battle has been 
asked to nark the position of its troops. Many of the States 
have already acted, and nearly a half million dollars have been 
expended by sixteen States for this purpose. Though tardy 
we have at last done our duty and today we come to dedicate 
this monument to the memory of the brave South Carolinians 
who fought and fell on this historic t^pot. 

In 1893 the General Assembly of South Carolina appointed 
a commission to locate the position of her troops and in 1894 
a commission to select suitable monuments, but it was not until 



I.O PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

1900 that the means were provided to complete the work. At 
that session of the Legislature an appropriation of $10,000 was 
made to erect suitable monuments, and the Governor was 
authorized to appoint a commission of three members, and 
they, with the Governor and the Adjutant General, were to 
have charge of the erection of the markers and the monument. 
By authority of that act I appointed as the other members of 
this commission Gen. C. I. Walker, of Charleston; Col. J. 
Harvey Wilson, of Sumter, and Capt. C. K. Henderson, of 
Aiken. 

I am proud that I have the opportunity of taking part 
in these ceremonies and I rejoice at the consummation to 
which this day brings us in the completion and dedication of 
this monument. It is a glad day for all true sons of the 
Palmetto State. 

Deep gloom had settled upon the Confederate banner in July, 
1863, for then Vicksbuig had fallen and the terrible battle of 
Gyttysburg had been fought. The.se disasters were not 
enough, but Confederate energy seemed paralyzed so far as 
the army under General Brajg was concerned, for the United 
States forces under Rosecrans had by force of number and 
superb military equipment driven the Army of the West 
through Chattanooga into north Georgia along the banks of 
the Chickamauga. The idea was> seized upon by the military 
authorities at Richmond to reinforce the depleted columns 
under Bragg by two divisions of Longstreet'b corps to be com- 
manded by that old war horse, Gen. J. B Hood. So hurried 
were the movements of the reinforci'ig columns that Long 
street could not have his artillery to reach the battlefield of 
Chickamauga. but the two divi.sions under McLaws and Hood 
were a.ssigned to the command of the left wing of General 
Bragg's army. 

On the day of the 20th of September, 1863, two giants in 
warfare grappled from right to left from sunrise to sunset. 
The Federal left was commanded by that superb soldier. Gen. 
George H. Thomas, and to dislodge that force General Bragg 
ordered every effort to be made, but Thomas ht-ld his ground 
too firmly to yield the field there. The old war horse, Long- 
street, pressed the Federal right and centre with his troops 
and some of the Federals under Gordon Granger and Wood, 
and by the use of twelve or twenty pieces of artillery at an 
angle the left wing of the Federal army undtr Thmiias gave 
way This left the entire field iu the possession otthe Con- 
federates. 

It is a glorious reflection that the valor of South Carolina 



SOUTH CAROLINA MOXUMKNT CHICKAMAUGA. II 

troops under Kershaw pn the left and Manigault on the right 
contributed so largely to this magnificent victory, and it is a 
matter of history that the South Carolina troops, through Ker- 
shaw's brigade, made the farthest advance on Snodgrass Hill. 

There was not a bloodier fought battle in the whole war, 
when you take into consideration the number of troops en- 
gaged and the time of actual combat. Official reports show 
that the killed, wounded and missing were o/er thirty-three 
per cent, of all the troops actually engaged. On the Union 
side the loss in this battle of a number of regiments was fifty 
per cent, ot the men engaged and the same loss was sustained 
by the troops on the other side and General L,ongstreet in his 
history says that his command lost in two hours nearly forty 
four per cent, of its strength. "The charge of the lightbrigade at 
Balaklava has been made famous in song and history, yet there 
were thirty Union regiments that each lost ten per cent, 
more men at Chickamauga and many Confederate regiments 
whose mortality exceeded this." 

On the night of this day it was that General Breckinridge 
in answering the call of the South Carolina troops, said : "I 
will not say to who n the credit is due, but this Is the first 
occasion upon which I hare been allowed to sleep with my 
troops on a battlefield which has been fairly and thoroughly 
won." It was ot this battle also that Charles A. Dana, 
Assistant Secretary of War, on the field himself, sent to his 
government this dispatch: "We have this day met a second 
Bull Run." 

It is, my countrymen, to such men as tbose who bared their 
breasts on many a battlefield to the belching fire and lead of 
the enemy that we come to dedicate this monumeut^ It is a 
privilege which we enjoy to have such a heritage as they have 
left us. 

Gov. McSweeney, then introduced Gen. C. I. Walker, a mem- 
ber of the South Carolina Commission, Commander of the 
South Carolina Division U. C. V. and one who had been in 
the battle, as Adjt. Gen. of Manigault's Brigade and had been 
subsequently promoted to be Lieut. Col. of the loth S. C. Regi- 
ment and finally commanded the loth and 19th S. C. Regiments. 
Gen. Walker had been selected to make the Historical Address, 
which he did as follows: 

General Walker's Address. 

Fellow Citizens and Comrades: On this great battle- 
field, thousands of thrilling and valorous events crowd, each 



I2 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

vieing with the other in glory and honor to the brave soldiery 
who have made the name of "Chickamauga" glorious through 
all time. Few of these splendid achievements could have 
come under the ken of any one man. So, if we desire 
to portray the truth, we must rely for the movements of each 
comraand upon the statements of those who participated there- 
in, and even then upon the character of the witness. Real- 
izing this, my statements as to the part taken by each of the 
noble bodies of South Carolinians who, on this field, won im- 
mortal fame, are based on those given me by men who were 
with each in the battle and whose character is such that what- 
ever they may say carries the conviction of truth. 

For the general history of the field we have the "War of 
the Rebellion Records," which contain the reports of the offi- 
cers made soon after the occurrence of events. In these there 
are naturally mistakes, but on the whole they are as nearly 
correct as could be expected. In addition to this valuable source 
of general information, for the special part taken by each 
command, I am indebted as follows: 

For that of the 24th South Carolina regiment to the gallant 
Gen (Bishop) Ellison Capers, whose fealty to the Confederacy 
is only excelled by his loyal faith to his God. 

For that of Kershaw's Brigade to Capt. D. A. Dickert's ad- 
mirable "History of Kershaw's Brigade," to Gen. I,ongstreet's 
"From Manassas to Appomattox," and to Major C K Hender- 
son, who won his laurels under Carolina's courtly Kershaw. 

For that of Jenkin's Brigade to the gallant Gen Asbury 
Coward, the close friend and follower of the gallant Jenkins. ' 

For that of the loth and 19th South Carolina I state what I 
saw myself, and my statements have been endorsed by many 
of the gallant men with whom I had the honor to serve. 

To all who have helped I owe my deep obligations and beg 
to thank them most graciously and earnestly. Without their 
kindly assistance I would not be able to portray — thus truth- 
fully I believe — the part taken by the various South Carolina 
troops in the grand historic events which this park and this 
monument commemorate. 

I will not attempt to tell the general movements of the 
armies, or the gallant bearing of the thousands who made 
the glories of the historic spot. I will ask your attention only 
to the history of the sons of South Carolina, in whose honor a 
devoted and appreciative mother dedicates to-day her testimonial 
to their valor and to their worth. I could render but the 
feeblest justice in any words I could possibly use to the valor 
of those noble men of Carolina who have helped to make this 



SOUTH CAKOLIXA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 1 3 

field SO illustrious. It would be a glorious privilege to pay 
tribute to each and every son of South Carolina who gave his 
life on this field. Official reports and history record the glory 
of the leaders who fell, but only the weeping mother, the sor- 
rowing wife or the faithful comrade preserve the name— en- 
graved on their heart — or the humble private, who gave his 
life for the country he loved. The general who led and com- 
manded, and the man behind the gun each did equal service. 
Each showed equal gallantry. When both died, battling 
with immortal valor, no one deserves encomium more than the 
other. I cannot, therefore, attempt to pay my loving tribute 
to the memory of any one son of our State. 

"Yon marble minstrel "s voiceless stone 
In deathless song shall tell, 

When many a vanished age has flown. 
The story how ye fell; 

Nor wreck, nor change, nor winter's blight. 
Nor time's remorseless doom, 

Shall dim one ray of glory's light. 
That gilds your deathless tomb." 

I shall endeavor to give only a brief sketch of the move- 
ments on the battlefields covered by the Chickamauga and Chat- 
tanooga National Park, ot each of the commands of South 
Carolinians, as there were some who arrived too late to take 
part in the struggle at Chickamauga; yet they covered them- 
selves with equal glory around Chattanooga. Justice also de- 
mandsthat Jenkins's gallant men should receive equal notice 
with those .who battled at Chickamauga and Chattanooga. 

Would that I had the time, the ability and the eloquence 
to do full justice to these grand heroes of this historic battle- 
field. 

As we pass from the right, down that splendid line of brist- 
ling Confederate bayonets, in the hands of the incomparable 
men waiting eager and ready for the opening of the battle 
of September 20, the first South Carolinians were the brave 
men of the 24th South Carolina regiment, commanded by that 
gallant leader, Col. C H. Stevens, who, as brigadier general, 
gave his life to his cause in front of Atlanta. 

Their being at all on this fated field illustrates the persever- 
ing devotion, overcoming all obstacles, with which the Con- 
federate soldier always pushed forward towards the firing of 
the guns and the roar of the battle. 

Gist's brigade of which the 24th South Carolina regiment 
was a part — and a most important part — had been -ent to 
Rome, Ga., to ward oflE the threatened movement against 
Bragg'sleft, September 18 they were ordered up to Chicka- 



14 PKOCKHDINGS OF UNVEILING 

mauga. At Kingston they were delayed as the one railroad 
was choked by Longstreet's Corps, from the Army ot Northern 
Virginia, being rushed to the front. They would have 
been fully justified in waiting their movement by 
the railroad authorities. But the delay, which kept 
them from action, could not be tolerated by the spirit which 
inspired ti^ese noble men. 

The particulars ot the tremendous endeavors they made to 
reach the field have been kindly given me by Gen. Capers as 
follows: "About dark Col. Stevens grew very impatient at 
the delay and we were told that Longstreet's corps had all 
passed. Our cars were standing on the siding and we saw 
that the fires were out on our engine. Finally Col. Stevens 
determined to take the responsibilit}'' of going ahead, but we 
could not find the engineer. He, Col. Colquitt, (who yielded 
up his life the next day) and myself set out to look him up 
and found him asleep in a house and roused him up. He said he 
had had no sleep or rest for days and could not run his engine; 
said it was out of order, etc. Col. Stevens drew his pistol, 
but that did not move him, and then he told him that he 
would put a man on the engine to run it, and men to fire it, 
and when it was ready if he did not come and take charge he 
would kill him. The poor fellow said he would not and 
could not undertake the responsibility of the lives of the sold- 
iers in his exhausted state. Col Stevens put a railroad 
man (I think from Company A. 24th South Carolina regiment) 
in charge of the engine, we fired her up and when we were 
ready to start, were forced the engineto take the direction 
of the crew we furnished, and we got off, carrying the 2zjth 
South Carolina regiment, part of the 46th Georgia regiment 
and the 8th Georgia Battalion." 

To run the short distance to Catoosa Woodshed took until 
10 o'clock the next morning, now made in about one hour. 
There the regiment waited for the rest of the brigade to come 
up and waited in vain. In sound of the guns from the battle- 
field they could wait no longer, so about 4 o'clolk in the af- 
ternoon moved forward to cross the Chickamauga at Alexan- 
der's bridge. The march was impeded all night by the ord- 
nance wagons under their charge, whi:h were being carried 
to the front. After marching all night and having passed 
"two terrible nights and a day never to be forgotten," worn, 
hungry, exhausted, they reached the battlefield about sunrise. 
By II o'clock these brave, but weary, men were in the storm 
of battle. This galling effort to reach the battlefield was ex- 
ceeded by the sacrifices made and valor shown when charging 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICK AMAUGA. 1 5 

the "Bloody Angle." King's brigade of the United States 
regulars, ocapied the bloody angle. This fatal spot was 
toward the left of the Union line, east of the Lafayette road 
on Kelly's farm, opposite the Kelly house. The line was 
sharply refused and run west at about right angles to the 
general line. The position was on the crest of the hill, with 
the ground sloping off gently to the Confederate lines. It 
had been fortified with felled trees, rails, etc, making a strong 
breastwork. Helm's brigade made three gallant, charges, 
but were repulsed. Gist's small, but heroic brigade, only 
about nine hundred strong, was then sent to attack the point. 

The tweny-fourth South Carolina regiment was on the left 
of the brigade, which struck just to the north of the re-enter- 
ing angle. With terrific effect the enfilading fire of the 
enemy carried death down the lines. The Twenty-fourth, 
from its position, caught the brunt of the storm of battle. The 
regiment changed front to conform to the line of the Union 
breastworks and gallantly charged on them. But the fire was 
more than man could stand, no progress could be made, so 
Gen. Gist was forced to withdraw the troops. 

At about 5 o'clock P. M. the gallant boys again moved for- 
ward, with the advance of the entire right of the army, driv- 
ing on victoriously until night closed over the field of strife. 

That the regiment lost all of its field officers wounded, its 
adjutant killed, and 169 out of less than 400 carried into the 
fight, and was finally commanded by a captain, Capt. D. F. 
Hill, attests the severity of the day's battle and the undaunted 
courage of its men. 

Though this magnificent fighting on the enemy's left failed 
in any direct result to the Confederates, yet it contributed 
much to the success of the day. This attack forced the enemy 
to move at least three divisions from his centre and right, and 
thus weakened his right and opened the way for the successful 
assault of the Confederate left wing. 

The 24th South Carolina regiment and the i6th South Caro- 
lina regiment, which had rejoined the brigade, took part in 
the movements around Chattanooga which followed, and 
finally — in the battle oliMissionary Ridge, where they were on 
the right again. They were a part of the force which success- 
fully defended Tunnel Hill against the attack of Sherman and 
did it with the most determined courage. They took part with 
Stevenson's and Gist's divisions in that glorious charge, which 
drove the enemy into the valley, capturing eight stands of 
colors and five hundred prisoners. 

After the !eft of the army had been driven away they were 



i6 proce?:dings of unveiling 

in the line formed across Missionary Ridge and checked the 
advance of the enemy. When retired they were in the rear 
guard, protecting Bragg's retreat, and in the final struggle at 
Ringold checked the advancing enemy. 

Ringold! The Alpha and Omega of Bragg's career as a 
great Confederate leader. On his advance in the Kentucky 
campaign, soon after he took command of the army and when 
he carried the Confederate arms victoriously to the banks of 
the Ohio, Ringold, Ga., was the first point at which he met 
the enemy. After the disaster of Missionary Ridge it was the 
last point where the army he commanded met and checked the 
enemy. His career ended on the very spot where he com- 
menced. He was the only Confederate general, commanding 
a large army, who never lost a foot of Confederate territory, 
but what he had previously taken from the enemy. 

Attached to McNair's brigade, Johnson's division, of the 
noble men who had so long upheld the glory and success of 
the Confederate arms on the battlefields of Virginia, was Cul- 
pepper's battery. This was the only South Carolina battery 
which was on the field of Chickamauga. They had reached 
the battlefield early and participated in the battles of the i8th 
and 19th, following the movements of their brigade and doing 
valuable service. On the morning of the 20th of September 
they took part in the repulse of an attack on McNair's brigade 
at 9 :30 A. M. The field of Chickamauga was not one which 
gave much scope for the employment of artillery. Many bat- 
teries did not fire a shot. 

When the general advance took place, about 11 o'clock, 
Oen. Law placed the guns of Culpepper's battery in position 
with his guns, two guns on the Poe field, about 75 yards 
north of the spot on which stands the magnificent testimonial 
erected by Georgia to her gallant sons. The other two guns 
were west of the Lafayette road, near the Brotherton house. 
The guns were handsomely served and thundered forth against 
the ranks of the enemy. The victorious rush of the Confed- 
erates carried the battle far from the position assigned the 
battery, and as they could not be used on the hilly ground 
over which their brigade was fighting, they were retained in 
their position and lost the opportunity of further participating 
in the events which crowned the Confederate arms with victory. 

After the battle they were moved up to Chattanooga, but, 
being sent ofi" with Longstreet to East Tennessee, they did not 
participate in the battle of Missionary Ridge. 

Kershaw's brigade of gallant South Carolinians, of the army 
of ^Northern Virginia, who had covered themselves with im- 





^8|^- 



^*^%*«*^,. _. 



■■•i'mmttm-'- 



South Capolina Monument, Chiekamaugra Battlefield 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CAICKAMAUGA. I7 

perishable renown on many a field, were brought up, a part of 
Hood's division. They reached the battlefield during the 
night of September 19, crossing at Alexander's bridge. In 
the formation of the morning of the 20th they were in reserve 
and in rear of McLaw's division in the wooded country east of 
the Lafayette road. 

At about II A. M. they promptly responded to the com- 
mand, "Forward," and crossed the Lafayette road, near the 
Brotherton house. The order of formation of the regiments, 
all South Carolinians, from right to left was 8th, 15th, 7th, 3d, 
James' battalion, 2nd. They entered the Dyer field, which 
stretches out to our east, but soon changed front to the right, 
to conform to the enemy's line. The wheel was made on the 
3d South Carolina regiment. The enemy were in strong posi- 
tion, at the foot of, and on the heights of, the very hill on which 
the South Carolina monument is placed. The gallant boys 
move forward with a cheer, are met with a deadly fire, but 
driving the enemy before them, passing over the very ground 
on which we now stand, and sweep on to the foot of Snodgrass 
Hill. This spot for the South Carolina monument was selected 
because it has been hallowed by the blood of South Carolina. 

In making this movement the 8th South Carolina regiment 
obliqued so far to right, but always towards ihe enemy, as to 
leave a gap, which was filled by Humphrey's brigade. A 
further gap was made between the 7th and 15th South Caro- 
lina regiments, which was filled by the 15th Alabama regi- 
ment, Col. Oates. 

At 3 o'clock Kershaw's clarion voice calls out the advance 
and his devoted command press forward to the attack of the 
enemy in their breast nrork on the crest of Snodgrass Hill. 
But repeated attacks were as fruitless as those against all other 
parts of the enemy's lines, where he stood as the Rock of 
Gibraltar. Nothing discouraged, with ranks decimated, with 
ammunition almost exhausted, they kept up the fight. Gen. 
Longstreet, referring to this in his report, says: "Kershaw 
made a most handsome attack on the heights at the Snodgrass 
house.*' 

At 4:30 the 8th, 15th and 2nd South Carolina regiments, 
the other regiments of Kershaw being out of ammunition and 
held in reserve, with McNair's brigade and Preston's division, 
made a most determined attack on the enemy. Gen. Kershaw 
says of this attack; "This was one of the heaviest attacks 
of the war on a single point. The brigades went in in mag- 
nificent order. Gen. Gracie, under my own eye, led his 
brigade, now for the first time under fire, most gallantly and 



l8 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

efficiently. For more than an hour and a half the struggle 
continued with unabated fury. It terminated at sunset, the 
2nd South Carolina being among the last to retire." 

That night they bivouacked on the field of glory and the next 
day moved up to Chattanooga They were engaged at various 
points about Chattanooga, but as they went with Longstreet to 
East Tennessee, they had no part in the battle of Missionary 
Ridge. 

Far over to the left of the Confederate lines, the good name 
and high reputation of South Carolina was nobly maintained 
by the loth and 19th vSouth Carolina regiment. This regiment 
formed the right of Manigault's brigade, Hindman's division. 
The two regiments having in their previous campaigns been 
reduced in numbers v^'ere consolidated into one, under the 
leadership of the gallant Col. James F. Pressley. 

The regiment participated in the preliminary manoeuvres 
which led up to the battle of Chickamauga. On September 
18, with their brigade, they were in an open field south of 
Chickamauga River, near L,ee and Gordon's mill, taking part 
in the feint for a proposed crossing at that point — while Bragg 
made his true crossing to the right, further down the river. 
Some little firing took place — enough to make the position 
uncomfortable. 

On the afternoon of the next day, September 19, they were 
moved across the river at Hunt's Ford, debouching on the 
battlefield and relieving some of Longstreet's troops How 
envious we were of the fresh, new, natty uniforms of our com- 
rades from Virginia. We did not know that a Confederate 
soldier could be dressed so well. Their neat gray uniforms 
were in sad contrast with our worn, varied, shabby homespun 
clothing. But, thank God, equally brave hearts, devoted to 
their cause and their country, beat under their jackets of graj' 
and our homespun suits. 

The line was formed in the wooded country about half a 
mile to the east of the Lafayette road They had no part in 
the active fighting of that day. 

The momentous morn of September 20, 1863, broke fair and 
found everything ready for the attack, which had been ordered 
for daylight, commencing on the right. They waited patiently 
and only were ordered forward about 1 1 o'clock. The Lafay- 
ette road was crossed between the Vineyard and Brotherton 
house, and the loth and 19th South Carolina regiment struck 
a patch of woods which have since been cut away, the left 
regiments of the brigade advancing through the open field 
leading up to the Widow Glenn's house. 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 1 9 

The loth and 19th South Carolina regiment moved steadily- 
forward, struck the enemy's line, were received with a terrific 
welcome, but pushed their opponents back, and with Deas' 
and Anderson's Brigades of the Division pressed onward. 
They passed to the right of the "Bloody Pond," and the blood 
of South Carolina's sons in part gives it its fearful name. 
Driving the enemy across the Crawfish Spring road and to the 
crest of the hills to the west of the present railroad, and only 
halted when ordered to do so. They had driven the enemy 
about one mile. T ey were recalled and rejoined the brigade 
on the Crawfish Spring road. 

Now they were moved to the scene of the most magnificent 
valor of this bloody fight. Excuse me — as to the events which 
follow I speak as an eye witness, interested and disinterested 
in the regiment. I was at that time Adjutant General of the 
brigac"e and so not a member of the regiment. But I had 
entered service as the adjutant of the loth South Carolina 
regiment, subsequently was its lieutenant-colonel, and surren- 
dered as commander of the two regiments again consolidated. 
That afternoon I was with the regiment almost uninterruptedly 
during its fight on Snodgrass Hill. 

On Snodgrass Hill the regiment formed th: extreme left of 
the Confederate battle. A brigade and the left regiments of 
our brigade went in on their left, but, having failed in their 
attack, left the gallant South Carolinians on the extreme left. 
They were formed at the foot of a spur of the range, near 
the Vittetoe house, and moved up to the crest of the ridge. 
Dent's battery — a tower of strength — was on the line of the 
regiment during the whole afternoon. The enemy's line was 
some distance back on the range, with a battery in their line. 
As you came up from Lytle Station you saw, near the Vitte- 
toe house, the tablet marking where the loth and 19th South 
Carolina regiments, of Manigault's brigade, went up, and on 
the crest of the range is a battery, marking the position of 
Dent's battery, and this was the base line of the position from 
which the regiment advanced. The marker, which the State 
has erected, is considerably in advance, marking the spot of the 
furthest advance in the afternoon's battle. 

At 3 o'clock in the afternoon of September 20 the order foi 
assault was given and cheerfully and valorously responded to. 
The gallant Carolinians charged the enemy, but were driven 
back and were followed by the equally gallant men of Illinois 
and Ohio, of Mitchell's brigade, Sherman's division, until 
Dent's guns were unmasked and their fire checked the enemy. 
The Carolinians rally, turn, drive back their opponents, until 



20 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

the guns of Battery M, ist Illinois light artillery open, and in 
turn, forced them back. The whole afternoon was a repeti- 
tion of such movements, each side backward and forward, with 
the most determined bravery and persistence, until as the sun 
set the enemy retired and left the Confederates in possession of 
the field. This fight was to the left of Gen. Bushrod John- 
son's and the loth and 19th South Carolina regiments — not, 
however, under Colonel Reed, as stated in his report were 
the two regiments which General Johnson says "participated 
in the invincible spirit which fired our men and continued to 
fight with us." 

The fierceness and effectiveness of the fire at this point was 
shown by the large trees which were cut down by minie balls. 

The firing having ceased in the front, the regiment was 
mo ed forward to rind the enemy, but he had gone, and it 
bivouacked for the night about half a mile in advance, on the 
east slope of the range, overlooking the Kelly field, and rested 
on a well earned and splendid victory. 

The army moved up to Chattanooga and invested the city' 
sta> ing there until the battle ot Missionary Ridge, or Chatta- 
nooga. 

At Missionary Ridge, at least in that part of the line de- 
fended by Hindman's division, the main line of the works was 
at the crest of the ridge, with an advanced line in the valle}'^ 
at its foot. The loth and 19th South Carolina regiment was 
about opposite Orchard Knob. In this line, at the foot of the 
rid'ge,. tile loth and 19th South Carolina regiment was placed 
with positive and clear instructions to retire to the line at the 
crest as soon as the enemy made an advance in force. When 
this came the men tiringly and under a heavy fire, wearily 
dragged themselves up to the works at the crest. The posi- 
tion of Deas's brigade was on the hill, near the present De- 
Long Tower. The loth and 19th South Carolina regiment 
was just to its left, its right resting on the hollow between 
that hill and the one occupied by Manigault. The breast- 
works of Manigault's brigade had been placed so far to the 
front that from them the men could sweep the entire slope of 
the ridge. No enemy came up the ridge in its front. 

It was a magnificent .'^ight from the top of the ridge to see 
the enemy moving out in splendid order. The plain was open 
and all could be seen It really seemed as if the whole plain 
had been covered with a blue veil. It was not to be wondered 
at, a remark which was made. A gallant fellow, looking at 
the vast hosts of the enemy steadily advancing, said that he 
was willing to fight the Yankees two to one, or three- to one, 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICK AM AUGA. 21 

and he would risk four to one, but when he heard old Grant 
standing on Orchard Knob call out, "Attention World; by 
Nations, right and left wheel." he really thought he could 
with great proprietj retire. But with all these mighty hosts 
advancing and pressing on, that soldier did not retire until his 
oflficers told him to do so. 

The brigade on the left of Manigault is driven from its 
works and the enemy press his left and threaten to envelop 
it. The brigade on his right then gives way and the enemy 
threaten to surround him, also on the right. General Mani- 
gault gives the order to retire. The loth and 19th South 
Carolina regiment barely escape capture from the enemy on 
their right. They reluctantly abandoned a position which, so 
far as a front attack was concerned, had proved impregnable. 

The gallant South Carolinians were not driven out of their 
first line, only retiring as ordered. They were not driven 
from the line at the crest. No enemy fc\er came up that ridge 
in the front and only threatened capture from the enemy, who 
broke the Confederates on the right and on the left, caused 
them to be withdrawn — under orders and necessity. So far 
as the foe in their front was pushing them, they could have 
been there today. 

At the east foot of the ridge they formed a line, but the 
enemy advancing no further, after dafk they were quietly with- 
drawn across the Chickamauga River 

The gallant men of Jenkins's brigade, consi^ting of the 
Palmetto Sharpshooters, Hampton Legion, ist 2nd, 5th and 
6th South Carolina regiments, who had won imperishable 
renown in the Army of Northern Virginia, arrived too late to 
take part in the struggle at Chickamauga. And this brigade 
was sent off with Longstreet to East Tennessee before the bat- 
tles around Chattanooga. So they took no part in the two 
great battles which this park commemorates. They were, 
however, engaged in the night fight, October 2S, 1863, in the 
Wauhatchie Valley, under the the leadership of the fearless 
and skilful Bratton. The enemy had secured Brown's Ferry, 
opening the road for the relief of Chattanooga, and a portion 
of Hooker's corps, making its way from Bridgeport toward 
that point, went into camp for the night near Wauh tchie. 
It was determined to cut off this party by a night attack. 

Jenkins's brigade acted with its accustomed gallantry, but 
the odds were against the movement and it failed of the hoped 
for results. In that fight many a brave South Carolinian gave 
his life for his cause, drenching with his blood the soil of 
Tennessee. The loss of the brigade was 356 and of this loss 



22 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

113 — about one-third — fell on one-sixth of the command of the 
noble 5th South Carolina regiment, led by the intrepid Asbury 
Coward. 

If Confederate gallantry could have saved that fight Jen- 
kins's noble men would have done it and added lustre to the 
Confederate arms, and made a success that which was other- 
wise doomed to a failure. 

I have thus briefly sketched the movements of the South 
Carolinians who on this great battlefield so nobly upheld Ihe 
honor of their State. The sons of nearly every State, North 
and South, achieved on this field a heritage as glorious for 
each of their mothers There were thousands of acts of hero- 
ism as brilliant as those I have recited. This park then surely 
marks one of the most historic spots in our broad country. 
Where we are now gathered was won the glorious Confederate 
victory of Chickaniauga. In this park and almost within sight 
of us now, was achieved the Union victory of Chattanooga. 
Combats which made the very earth sh'ake with the conflict of 
arms and heavens weep over the moans of the dying. 

No place in our country could by more appropriately con- 
secrated to the unparalleled valor of the American soldier. It 
was the only ground where, in that tremendous conflict, each 
side won a signal and decisive victory, under almost similar 
conditions and with like results. In each the attacking party 
advanced and fought first over level country, and made their 
final struggle on the liill tops of Snodgra'ss Hill or Missionary 
Ridge. In each battle a decided and unquestioned victory was 
won After each the victor was so exhausted by his efforts 
that he did not again quickly strike his beaten enemy. Here 
then, on this spot, consecrated by equal valor and similar vic- 
tory, can we all meet. 

The design to consecrate this park to the valor of the Con- 
federate and Union soldier — together, the American soldier — 
whose glory is the common heritage of gjjr country, was con- 
ceived in a most liberal spirit and has been carried oi-4 with 
even greater liberality. 

On every tablet and mark placed hy the commission on thin 
battlefield, in every attention given to the visiting Veteran, 
the utmost impartiality has been shown. Well have those 
who have bcren charged with the arrangements and govern- 
ment of the park carried out the catholic intention of those 
who conceived and planned this magnificent tribute to Ameri- 
can — not sectional — valor. To the broad minds of Generals 
Ferd, \'an Derveer and Henry \' Boynton do we owe the 
conception of the idea. To their indomitable energy, assisted 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 23 

by many Union and Confederate Veterans and statesmen, we 
owe the accomplishment of their plan for this great nitional 
park. 

In addressing the first meeting to inaugurate the movement 
General Boynton said that, when riding over the battlefield in 
the summer of 1888, with General Van Derveer, "there rolled 
back on the mind the unequalled fighting of that thin and 
contracted line of heroes, and the magnificent Confederate 
assaults which swept in upon us time and again and ceaselessly, 
and that service of all the gods of war went on throughout 
those Sabbath hours. 

Then thinking of our Union lines alone — we said to each 
other: "This field should be a Western Gettysburg — a Chicka- 
mauga memorial." 

It was but a flash forward in thought to the present plan 
and the proposition became, "Aye, it should be more than 
Gettysburg with its monuments along one side alone; the lines 
of both armies should be equally marked." 

General Boynton further says: 

"I stood silent thinking of that unsurpassed Con'ederate 
fighting, and my heart thanked God that the men who were 
equal to such endeavors on the battlefield were Americans. 
Let all lines be marked — let the whole unbroken history of 
such a field be carefully preserved " 

Thus in the very birth of tlie scheme was breathed justice 
to all. The originators further announced, endorsing the 
grand and liberal sentiments ot General Boynton. "There was 
no more magnificent fighting during the war than both armies 
did here. Both sides might well unite in preserving the field 
where both, in a military sense, won such renown." Wonder- 
fully has this forecast been fulfilled. In the very formation 
of the commission a place was given to a distinguished Con- 
federate General, our own dearly beloved Stewart, and thus 
was shown the broad spirit designed. 

Without detracting one iota from the credit due to all who 
have been members of the commission, pcr.uit me further to 
say, and all veterans who have visited the field will, I know, 
endorse me, that the magnificent results obtained here are 
chiefly due to the courtesy, the patience, the noble persistence 
and thorough impartiality of the present chairman of the com- 
mission, Gen. Henry V. Boynton. 

This is one of the places owned and controlled by the United 
States Government, linked to the memory of great Confederate 
struggles, where we good old Confederates are made to feel 
that we are entirely at home. That we have a right to be 



24 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

here. That we have a perfeet right to erect a monument to 
the valor of South Carolina's Confederate soldiery by the very 
side of one to the gallant men who upheld the Stars and Stripes. 

Brother Confederate Veterans, you will see on this battle- 
field what none of us, as we went sadly home in 1865, ^^^^ 
dreamed of seeing. Witness the splendid monuments to our 
fallen Confederate brigade commanders, erected by the United 
States Government. And when you look at similar monu- 
ments to the fallen Union Generals you will find not a 
particle of difference. The Confederate and Union hero has 
been treated alike. 

It is a grand privilege to live under a free and liberal gov- 
ernment, which within a brief space of the close of the most 
gigantic and bitter struggle, 'ioes honor to its former enemies. 
It has invited us, but a short time since fighting against it, 
to consecrate in a park, by it founded and controlled, the 
monument which we today dedicate — to the worth and valor 
of those who were not long since its enemies Comrades, why 
can this be? It is possible because your forefathers and theirs 
planted deep in the hearts of the people of this country, which 
they founded and nourished, a love of justice, liberality and 
freedom. It is because the splendid heroism you showed on 
this and a hundred other battlefields has won the admiration 
of your fellow-citizens, aye, of the whole world. 

I stand on this sacred spot, under the very folds of the Star 
Spangled Banner, in the presence of the representatives of our 
great Government — standing thus, I say that I am proud that 
I was a Confederate soldier — I am proud that I was one of 
those who helped make the Confederate glories ot Chicka- 
mauga. Feeling thus, I thank God, that the time has come 
when I can, with such surroundings, say this, without my 
loyalty to the United States being questioned, nor my faithful- 
ness to the glorious past of the Confederacy being doubted. 

May the lessons learned here today make us all better and, 
if such be possible, truer citizens of our great country, which 
here honors the Confederate soldier. 

All was not lost at Appomattox or at Greensboro. The 
Confederate soldier acknowledged his defeat like a man. And 
when peace again spread its wings over our fair land his best 
talents, energy and industry were devoted to the upbuilding 
of the land he loved. Grand as was the struggle of the Con- 
federacy, a thousand times grander was the struggle of her 
sons, in peace and loyalty to rebuild their ruined firesides, 
reconstruct the social life which had been shattered, make their 
families once more happy, and this, their country, the home 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 25 

of freedom, liberty and prosperity. Our immortal Lee said 
that the sublimest tvord in the English language was "duty". 
As the old Confederate did his whole duty to the Confederacy, 
he has done his full duty to the United States. 

We Confederates from 1861-65 followed Lee amid the storms 
of battle. We have faithfully carried out his noble admoni- 
tion, expressed in 1865: "It is the duty of every citizen, in 
the present condition of the country, to do all in his power to 
aid in the restoration of peace and harmony." That you, my 
brave comrades, have honestly and successfully done this is 
evidenced by this day's proceedings. 

There stands no truer indicatiou of the peace you have 
maintained nor the harmouy you have cultivated than the 
fact that I can, and that I am willing, to pay this tribute to 
the Conlederate dead and the heroism of the gallant sons of 
Carolina under the protection and under the very folds of the 
flag which we then strove to pull down. The monument 
which South Carolina erected ana today unveils stands an im- 
mortal tribute, not only to the valor of her sons who fought 
on this historic battlefield, but to the peace and harmony 
which now blesses our land. 

"There's a grandeur in graves — there's a glory in gloom; 

For out of the gloom future brightness is bcrn. 

As after the night, looms the sunrise of morn; 

And the graves of the dead, with the grass overgrown, 

May yet form the footstool of Liberty's throne; 

And each single wreck in the warpath of Might 

Shall yet be a rock in the Temple of Right. 

The Governor then introduced Hon. D. S. Henderson, a 
member of the Senate of South Carolina, who spoke as follows: 

* SENATOR D. S. HENDERSON. 

Ladies and Gentlemen : — 

Americans, through all stages and periods of their history, 
have fought, and ever will fight, for the preservation of what 
they honestly believe to be founded in principle. From the 
byways and hedges of Lexington to the marches of Yorktown 
our forefathers fought to establish the equal rights of men 
against the exactions and encroachments ot tyrants. The blood 
of Warren sprinkled on the green sward of Bunker Hill, and 
the blood of Jasper, bespattering the ramparts of Savannah, 
were alike sacrifices upon the altar of patriotism for love of 
liberty. 

The blood of the brave McPherson f reel 3 shed on the plains 



26 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

of Atlanta; and the blood of the immortal Stonewall Jackson, 
running freely amid the fastnesses of the Wilderness on that 
fatal night, were alike unstinted offerings of devotion to duty, 
and conscientious conviction of right. 

Neither were rebels. Both were patriots. As much so as 
the heroic Warren or the brave Jasper. 

When the din and turmoil of the Revolutionary struggle 
had comparatively subsided, the separate and independent col- 
onies entered into "Articles of Confederation" and a "Federal 
Constitution," in every line and sentence of which, and in every 
utterance of debate from which they emanated, is written the 
understanding, that the union was voluntary, with each State 
remaining a separate entity; and such powers alone were given 
the Union as were expressed and set forth. All others were 
reserved to the States and their citizens. 

Time rolled on. Prosperity followed adversity. The impe- 
tus of Freedom gave momentum and push to the engines of 
development and enterprise. Individual aggrandizement and 
sectional interest brought on political turmoil and unrest. Right 
or wrong the whole country was in a fermentation. The one 
side asserting the "'indissoluble Union," the other asserting 
the "Indestructiable States." 

South Carolina, whom in part I represent on this auspic- 
ious occasion, (the home of John Rutledge, one of the first 
Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States; the 
home of that eminent Pinckney whose enunciation, "Millions 
for defeii.se, not a cent for tribute," will ever be a paean in the 
cause of freedom); South Carolina on the 20th of December, 
i860, by solemn conventional action, retired from that confeder- 
acy, which she had voluntarily joined and to which she had 
freely contributed of blood and treasure. 

In the ides of the following April the first gun* "of the war 
betwten the States," reverberated in the harbor of old Charles- 
ton. 

The North armed to sustain its views of the union. The 
South armed to sustain its ideasof the sovereignty ofthe States 
and freedom of action 

As that great Englishman, an inicariiil witness, Lord Wolse- 
ley, has truly expressed it. "The true cause of the conflict was 
antagonism between the spirit of Federalism and the principles 
of State's Ri.his ' 

Bull Run ran red with the gore of brother-. "On to Rich- 
mond" was the cy in the East. ' Oii to Atlanta"' the cry in 
the West. 

The sanctitv of our homes and our hearthstones; the exercise 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 27 

of home rule and home government aroused every energy of 
the South; and from "the cradle to the grave" the call to 
arms was heartily obeyed. 

"They left the ploughshare in the mould, 
The flocks and herds without a fold " 

Through the clover fields of that grand green valley of old 
Virginia the tocsin of the dread struggle sounded and surged. 
Marathon and Thermopylae, Pharsalia and Cannse, were sur- 
passed in glory and heroism. 

The scene shifts beyond the beautiful blue mountains. Gaines' 
Mill and Frazier's Farm and Malvern Hill, are enveloped with 
the smoke and turmoil of the fray. Never did ancient war- 
riors, whether Grecian, Roman, or Macedonian, show greater 
courage and fortitude than that which the American soldier on 
both sides exhibited on these ensanguined fields. 

No mediaeval Cavalier with burnished armor and drawn 
scimecer ever felt the patriotism that animated the bonnie boys 
of the Southland who tramped victorious over the Seven Days 
battlefields around Richmond. 

Again Manassas shouts forth the horrible sounds of perilous 
battle, and goes down into history as a victory for the immortal 
Lee, more illustrious than Montibello or Solferino were to the 
great Bon'aparte. 

McClellan. with his almost countless thousands, again grap- 
ples with the hardy veterans along the waters of the Antietam; 
and sharp and fearful is the carnage. 

The God of Battles himself must have wept over the fearful 
destruction of American manhood. 

At Fredericksburg the heroic life of Maxcy Gregg, Caroli- 
na's great soldier, and that of Tom Cobb, Georgia's valiant 
son, flowed out; and the myriads of Burnside were as easily 
driven back as those of Xerxes in the olden times. 

Chancellorsville, with its great victory but its sad loss, looms 
up. Jack.son passed over the river and rested under the shade 
of the trees; and Jel) Stuart with his flowing plume and keen 
Damascan blade led the Stonewall brigade and their associates 
to victory with as much dash as ever did Henry of Na\-arre, 
the lion-hearted Richard orthe impetuous Murat. 

We crossed the river once more ! 

Around the Cemetery heights and Seminary Ridge the 
alarm of war broke loose with its most terrible vigor. The 
defensive had been transferred to the North; and when Pickett 
and his .eteranswere decimated, and the tiae of fate bore back 
his bleeding columns, Robert E. Lee met them amid the crash- 



28 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

ing shells and crushing shot, and told them in that manly 
moral, heroic manner, "It is not your fault boys, it is all mine." 

"Nor purer sword led braver band, 
Nor braver bled for a brighter land, 
• Nor brighter land had a cause so grand, 

Nor cause a chief like Lee." 

From the beginning of the struggle, in the Great West, 
where the hardy frontiersmen of the North met the sturdy 
huntsmen of the South, the combat was more equal, exacting, 
and uncertain. 

Donelson, Henry, and Vicksburg with their misfortunes and 
mistakes passed into history. 

Shiloh, with its two days of burning achievement electrified 
the world as an exhibition of the battle power of American 
manhood. Its first day of glorious victory to the South, dim- 
med only when "freedom shrieked" as Sidney Johnston fell, 
was scarcely overbalanced by the success of the second day to 
the North, brought about chiefly by that pertinancity, stern 
determination, and confidence which characterized U. S. Grant 
as a born leader of men. 

The Gray and the Blue grappled together on many a gory 
field from the Mississippi to the Tennessee. The Stars and 
Bars and Stars and Stripes waved defiance at each other across 
many a ravine of that grand region. Bedford Forrest, "the 
noblest Roman of them all," led his troopers triumphant from 
one end to the other. 

In the crucial year of 1S63 when the shortening days of Sep 
tembercame, and the halo of the Indian summer was creep- 
ing over this favored region of Georgia and Tennessee, the 
electric batteries of horrid war stirred the lethean waters of 
this "River of Death," and its searchlights illuminated these 
grand overhanging mountain peaks with a luridness never to 
be forgotten. Once again as in its legendary historic past, old 
Chickamauga became the tramping ground of hosts of men 
embraced in an ensanguined struggle for annihilation and 
destruction Both sides were ably led. Both sides fought 
nobly. Both sides conscientiously acted. All of them patriots; 
none of them rebels. 

Lee had detached, from Virginia, and sent his great Corp 
Commander, Longstreet, with his hardened veterans to aid the 
Confederate Chieftain, Braxton Bragg, (he the same Captain 
Bragg who under the Stars and Stripes at the bloody Mexican 
battle of Buena Vista, had received and valiantly carried out 
the memorable order of Gen. Taylor, "Give them a little more 
grape, Capt. Bragg.") 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 29 

Grant had hurried forward the flower of the V/estern Army 
to the aid of the Federal Commander, Rosecrans, "And when 
the mists had rolled away" on that autumnal Sabbath morn of 
the second day and revealed the serried ranks of the opposing 
hosts to each, other, it was a sight before which the Sun of 
Austerilitz would have dimmed, and a sight to which the old 
Guard of Napoleon and the English Squares of the Iron Duke 
at Waterloo, opposing each other, was but a circumstance. 

What was done — what deeds of daring were achieved — what 
charges and counter-charges were developed — how batteries 
were handled with wonderful scientific skill — how battalions of 
infantry and squadrons of cavalry covered themselves with 
glory — how particular commands and individual commanders 
especially distinguished themselves, those who were here and 
mingled in the fray can better tell than I. 

The carnage of the contest best tells the tale of the fighting 
16,179 on the side of the Federals; 17,804 on the side of the 
Confederates. 

When nightfall came the complete discomfiture of the 
Federal Army was arrested only by the intrepid stand of 
George H. Thomas, himself a Virginian, who has gone down 
into history as the "Rock of Chickamauga," and whose name 
as an imperturbable leader of fighting men should be written 
high in the gallery of fame. 

How those who perished here, whose blood darkened these 
slopes, ravines, and hillsides, are revered by their people at 
home, is told in mute and silent language by the monumental 
spires that have been erected in this National Park by sixteen 
of the States of this reunited Union at the aggregate cost of 
$506,000 

It was certainly a befittingjand magnanimous act on the part 
of the Government of the United States to permit the establish- 
ment of a National Park on this battlefield where the Confed- 
erates obtained the advantage, and especially when the Act of 
Congress permits both sides to mark their lines of battle and to 
erect monuments over their gallant dead The South has 
accepted the opportunity and joins in the spirit of reconciliation. 

She did her best. Whatever she had of blood, of treasure, 
of spirit and love, she unstintedly laid upon the altar as a sac- 
rifictr for love of freedom and liberty of conscience. 

What Courts and Constitutions and Conventions and Con- 
gres.ses and Presidents could not do, it took the arbitrament of 
stern war to do. The "Indissoluble Union" on the one side, 
and "indestructible States" on the other side, have become the 
"indissoluble Union" of "indestructible States." 



30 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

Whoever else we may fight, as an American people we will 
never again fight ourselves. Dissensions and strifes and tur- 
moils, begotten of political iermentations and upheavals, will 
come; but the question of the separate action of the States 
(whilst they had their rights, which exist and are respected 
every day by the Courts and the Government) is settled for all 
time. 

Today the Palmetto State, the grand old Commonwealth 
of South CaroHna, as a member of the American Union, comes 
to this shrine of sacrifice, this altar of freedom, where the 
pride and glory of her yeomanry shed their blood, to show her 
appreciation of their patriotic endeavors. 

True, she was the "cradle of secession," but .^he always was, 
and always will be, a leader in conscientious action; and her 
history of patriotic devotion to duty has been open to the 
world from the time she joined with Massachusetts in defying 
the tyranny of "taxation without representation" to the pres- 
ent time. 

For her devotion to republican principles as fairly understood 
by our forefathers, let the bones of her sons who 'perished at 
Kings Mountain, at Cowpens, at Eutaw, and at the Palmetto 
Fort, speak! For her determination to perpetuate those princi- 
ples let the blood of Bonham who perished at the Alamo, and 
the Palmetto boys who fell with Butler amid the halls of the 
Montezumas speak! 

For her firm determination to stand, and to die for what she 
conscientiously believed to be right, let the trail of her dead and 
wounded in the war between the States from the Potomac to 
the Rio Grande speak! 

"Carolina's dead, Carolina's dead 
On every hill they lie" 

In Virginia her spirit was evinced by the brave boys led by 
such men as Hampton and Butler and Gary and McGowan 
and Hagood. 

Ripley and Elliott, Rhett and Mitchell, Gilliard and Huege- 
nin, and their noble boys stood amid the crumbling walls of 
Sumter for four years and never surrendered. 

And here, right here, amid the crashing of arms, the mar- 
tial muster of batt'e and the terrifying trials Df the fray, Joseph 
B. Kershaw, States Gist, Ellison Capers, Irvine Walker, Ar- 
thur M. Manigault, John D. Kennedy, and those chivalric war- 
riors, Elbert Bland and John S. Hard, who fell with their 
faces to the foe within a few feet of the place where we now 
stand ; and those other brave gentlemen who led her boys to 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICK AMAUGA. 3 1 

victory on this spot, illustrated the spirit of Carolina, always 
prepared to do her duty. 

The granite shaft has not yet been cut that would be tall 
enough to commemorate the deeds of her private soldiery. 

Her white voting population in i860 was 58,000, yet she 
sent to the war 65,000 soldiers, rank and file. There is no 
parallel in history to such a record. 

From the first bud of youthful manhood to the gray haired 
fathers, they went without a murmur, and fifty per cent, were 
killed and wounded. 

Let the Palmetto tree which stands as the cap piece to yonde 
monument, remain there forever as the memorial of her ven- 
eration for the deeds of her brave boys; and when in after 5'ears 
Carolinians of another age stop here to view it, let them in 
memory recall the fact that on the monument erected at her 
capitol city, Columbia, by the women of her State to the Con- 
federate dead, is graven that wonderful sentence so powerfully 
put by the polished John S. Preston, which applies to all alike, 
there and here: ''Let the stranger who may in after times 
read this inscription recognize that these were men whom power 
could not corrupt, whom death could not terrify, whom defeat 
could not dishonor, and let their virtues plead for just judg- 
ment of the cause in which they perished Let the South 
Carolinian of another generation remember that the State 
taught them how to live and how to die, and from her broken 
fortunes she has preserved for her children the priceless treas- 
ure of her memory, teaching all who may claim the same birth- 
right, that truth, courage, and patriotism endure forever." 

One more word and I have finished. In this bivouac of the 
dead, v/here these silent sentinels, commemorating the love of 
the living for the departed heroes, lift their heads to high 
heaven in testimony thereof, we have assembled on this auspi- 
cious occa.sion not as Confederates or Federals, but as Ameri- 
cans, and the survivors of the heroes of both sides, who thirty- 
six years ago laid aside their arms and returned to the peaceful 
vocations of life, realizing the fact with satisfaction and pride 
that they are component parts of the greatest Union of the 
world. 

The South in that period, by earnest endeavor and a candid 
realization of her situation, without surrender of her opinions, 
but in the true manly spirit of reconciliation, has resuscitated 
her waste places and energies much more effectually than 
France has done from the result of the Franco-German war. 
We live today in an era of industrial advance without a parallel. 
We are making history each day, and not simply living on the 



32 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

traditions and ideas of the past. Standing in the dawn of the 
twentieth century, with its allurements of power; with its 
impedimenta of growing civilization; with its temptations that 
beset the new giant — our Republic — among the world powers; 
and the bewitching enticements which our increased responsi- 
bility engenders, it behooves us as a people, as a Republic, 
(especially when pondering over such memories as are brought 
to our minds at such places as this where we linger today), to 
look well to our moorings and aspirations, and to consider our 
destiny. We are equal to any emergency of advancing civili- 
zation, if we as a people only keep our peace with God by our 
voice and conversation. 

We must be equal to the demands that progress creates, with- 
out evoluting]in imperialism, else the dream of our forefathers, 
that the people should rule and are capable of it, becomes a 
myth. 

We should not be laud grabbers or buccaneers tor pelf or 
plunder, but among the nations of the world, boldly asserting 
our rights to the extension of our commerce under proper 
treaty relations for the enjoyment of our trade, be content to 
have the beneficent Monroe Doctrine receive its old-time con- 
struction, lest if we extend it to allow us to establish depen- 
dencies and colonies elsewhere, the other powers can claim a 
reciprocal construction for themselves in seizing territory in 
the Western World. 

I stood a few weeks since on one of its busiest, most excit- 
ing days, in Wall Street, New York, where the financial pulse 
of the country, and in fact of the world, can always be felt, and 
watched with interest that bronze statue of the great Washing- 
ton erected at that spot where he took the oath of office as the 
First President of our young Republic, and with his right hand 
held forward, and in a speaking attitude, he seemed truly 
typical of that grand warning he gave us in his Farewell 
Address, never to enter "into entangling alliances with foreign 
powers." 

The kings and emperors; the princes and potentates of 
kingdoms and empires, kept together by the powers of grand 
standing armies and navies, sooner or later will need the aid of 
this people- governed country, which when united can always 
meet any issue, to wrest them from the rush of arms against 
each other; but it is better, far better, for us to stand in no 
compulsory relation with any of them; and free and indepen- 
dent, to act, shaping our own policies based upon pure Demo- 
cratic principles, and breathing the pure air of national inde- 
pendence and freedom, as typified by our grand mountains, 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CAICKAMAUGA. 33 

our rolling rivers, and our marts of development and progress. 
To that end let our hopes and actions lead us; and in the vast 
and increasingly vast aggregation of American citizenship, 
there is no class that will render more devout loyalty to the 
onward march of American enterprise and American progress 
as the rightful fruit of the heritage handed down to us by the 
fathers, than the survivors and the children of the survivors 
of the great war between the States; a struggle unequalled in 
history, ancient or modern, and out of which has come a recon- 
ciliation which, we pray God, may be as lasting, as that strug- 
gle was gigant^'c. 

Col. J. Harvey Wilson was then introduced and spoke as 
follows: 

Col. J. Harvey Wilson's Address. 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and My Fellow-Country men: Sur- 
rounded by monuments that testify to the valor and heroism 
of the soldiers of many of her sister States, South Carolina 
comes to-day to unveil her tribute to her dead. A vast ma- 
jority of that marshaled host, who nearly thirty-eight years 
ago met on this heroic field to join the battle have passed in- 
to the great unknown, and those who are left bear the indica- 
tions that ere long they must cross the river and rest on the 
other side. Cheeks that then wore the bloom of youth, now 
wear the furrowed marks of time. The elastic step has been 
changed to the slow gait of age, the locks that were golden 
brown, or jet have assumed a uniform color, they all wear the 
silver gray. But notwithstanding the fact, that the evidence of 
change is stamped on almost everything earthly, we rejoice to 
know that the love and the reverence that the true soldier 
has always evinced for his dead comrades, has not been affected 
by the chana^es of circumstances, or the ravages of time and 
that no hearts in this assembly rejoice more in paying honor 
to the heroic dead than do the hearts of these old veterans, 
who on their journey to their annual reunion have stopped 
by the wayside to participate in these ceremonies. For next 
to the love they cheerish for those endeared to them by 
the ties of consanguinity, is the love they cherished for those 
who shared their trials and their dangers; and next to the 
reverence they feel for their own sainted dead, is the rever- 
ence they feel for the men who fell by their side. 
Standing on soil made sacred by the blood of many of the bright- 
est, best and bravest of America's sons, and in the presence 
of some who wore the blue, and others who wore the gray, and 



34 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

perhaps in the presence of some whose loved ones wore both 
the blue and the gray, I would not utter a word calculated to 
rekindle the animosity of the past, or provoke the jealousy of 
the present. I would rather come in that spirit that breathes— 

"Peace in the quiet dales, 
Made rankly fertile bv the blood of men, 
Peace in the woodland, and the lonely glen, 
Peace in the peopled vales. 

"Peace on the crowded towns, 
Peace in the thousand fields of wavin' grain, 
Peace on the highway and the flowery lane, 

Peace on the wind-swept lawn. 

"Peace on the whirring marts, 
Peace where the scholar thinks the hunter roams. 
Peace God of peac^*, peace, peace, in all our homes, 

And peace in all our hearts." 

While we rejoice that peace with all of its attendant bless- 
ings broods Ov-er this fair land of ours, and that the time has 
come when those who once met on this historic field in deadly 
strife can now meet in a spirit fraternal and join with each 
other in honoring the memory of their dead heroes, regardless 
of the uniform they wore, or the flag beneath which they 
marched. It is not expected that either the North or South 
should come with hypocritical apologies on their lips for the 
part they acted on a field made sacred by blood that was preci- 
ous alike to both sections. Were we to offer such apologies 
we would be false to everj' instinct of our nature; false to the 
memory of those we have come to honor, and false to truth. 
We have simply come to honor those who believed they were 
right and had the courage to die for their convictions. Leav- 
ing it to God and the future to determine whether they were 
right or wrong. Carolinians, you are here on a holy mission, 
you are here to honor the memory of j'our precious dead; all 
civilized people honor their dead by erecting monuments to 
their memory. Emulating a custom as beautiful as it is old, 
and as sacred as it is beautiful, j'ou come with granite from 
your own loved hills, and surrounding it with the proud 
emblem of your State you declare to all the world that your 
sons who fell on the battlefield of Chickamauga are worthy of 
ever}'^ honor that gratitude can pay to valor, or affection be- 
stow upon those whose memories are enshrined in your hearts. 
They are your sons "to the manner born." The}^ came from 
every section of j'our State, from your rugged mountain heights 
to where the magnolia blossoms by the sea. They died to 
uphold the flag you raised. They died to defend the cause 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 35 

you espoused; with their life's blood they sealed their devo- 
tion to the State, and by their death they illustrated your 
patriotism and vindicated your manhood. 

I would like to speak of many of the gallant Carolinians who 
took part in the engagement here, especially of the knightly 
Kershaw, who wore with equal credit the uniform and the er- 
mine of his State, of the chivalric Manigault, and the dashing 
Gist and others 'who led our battalions in the fight. I would 
like to speak of the brave Elbert Bland of Houle, and Hard, 
and others who went to their death charging against "the rock 
of Chickamauga." They have all passed within the veil. 
Their names add lustre to the history of their State, and they 
can justly claim as their monumental beds, the bitterest tears 
their country sheds. "But I realize the fact, that it is espe- 
cially fitting, that one who fort)^ years ago volunteered as a 
private in the ranks, should pay his humble tribute to those 
who stood behind the guns and whose names "save by some 
fond few" have been forgotten. History has preserved, and 
rightly preserved, the names and the fame of those who di- 
rected the battle, but of the private soldier — 

"No grateful page shall farther tell, 

Than that so many bravely fell, 

And we can only diml}' gues?, 

What worlds, of all this world's distress, 

What utter woe, despair and death, 

Their fate has brought to many a heart." 

It is true their history has been written in blood across 
hearts of loving mothers and faithful wives, but these loving 
mothers and faithful wives are fast passing away. Most of 
them, e'en now, wear jeweled crowns in that land whose streets 
are gold and whose gates are pearls. Let the memory of these 
men be cherished by their country. They are the heroes of a 
fallen cause. The cause for which they fought is lost, and 
perhaps lost forever. The flag beneath which they marched 
has been furled, and furled forever. Some of those who fell 
on this field carried that flag from your City by the Sea to the 
rocky heights of Gettysburg and brought it back here, to die 
beneath its folds. Sometimes that flag waved amid the shouts 
of victory, sometimes it was shrouded in the gloom of defeat. 
It was tattered and torn, smoke begimed and battle scarred, 
but, thank God, in their hands it was never permitted to trail 
in the dust of dishonor. The shaft we unveil today may not 
be as imposing as some that surround it, bat we have done 
what we could; it is the loving gift of loving hearts, and shall 
stand here as a sentinel proclaiming to all the living and to the 



3^ PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

generations yet to come, that in life, South Carolina's sons were 
faithful; in death glorious. 
Ashe concluded the band struck up the "Bonnie Blue Flag." 

Then came the man of God and the soldier, 

Bishop Ellison Capers, 

and tears welled his eyes as he spoke of the tender memories of 
the very field where he stood. He spoke as follows: 
Fellow Citizens and Confederate Comrades: 

All hail to the monument! 

Public monuments are the recognized symbols of worthy 
history. They are enduring exponents of character. The 
lessons which high example and honorable history teach are 
written not alone in the perishable pages of books, or in the 
fading memories of a generation. True patriotism has ever 
engraven them in stone, and builded high their immortality in 
granite and Parian marble. 

The monument at Thermopylae, with its simple inscription, 
"Go, stranger, and tell at Lacedaemon that we died here in 
obedience to her laws," is held sacred to valor, to honor and to 
patriotic devotion to country, and has ever taught to all the 
ages those holy sentiments and noble attributes of the human 
soul, though the band of Spartans were all slain, and their 
splendid leader's body hung by Xerxes on a gallows, and their 
country overrun. 

If our monuments had no ethical value; if they were not the 
symbols of an honest and earnest people in an honest and ear- 
nest struggle, they might justly be regarded assigns of dis- 
loyalty to the Government which overpowered their efforts, 
crushed their armies, destroyed their resources, forced the sur- 
render of their cherished hopes and compelled their return to the 
Union. But our great country knows full well that the men 
and women who build them consecrate them to the memory of 
virtue and valor ; and that their virtue and valor stand pledged 
to abide by the union of our country as alike the will and wis- 
dom ol an overruling Providence, and the dictate of a conse- 
quent duty. If this monument did not commemorate virtue 
the virtuous could not participate in these ceremonies. If this 
great occasion could not be recognized by the Government un- 
der which we live, no Ex-Confederate soldier who gave his 
parole of honor when he laid down his arms in a hopeless strug- 
gle would be willing to violate a soldier's honor by his partici- 
pation here today. If this monument fostered the spirit of dis- 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHIGKAMAUGA. ^7 

cont ent, and was designed to keep alive the ashes of burnt 6ut 
passions, the faithful followers of our Divine Master could not 
here assemble, as to a patriotic convocation, and invoke the 
smile and blessing of Almighty God upon this noble tribute to 
virtue and to truth. 

We feel it good to be here ! 

There is an odor of sanctity about this battlefield which 
humbles, and yet exhalts our spirits, and sends us back to our 
duties and responsibilities with a deeper sense of the truth, 
that the real value of every great sacrifice is its tnoral value, 
and not the value of the prize for which the sacrifice was made. 

The prize may be lost, or torn from an enfeebled hand by a 
hand more powerful, yet the noble spirit and the real heroism 
of the sacrifice remain forever ! 

They live in memory : they live in history: they are with us 
in our Monuments, to refine our selfishness, to purify our am- 
bitions, to chasten our hopes, and to exalt our courage. 

I count it, my fellow citizens, amongst the dearest experi- 
ences of my life that I knew my comrades and had the honor 
of being a fellow soldier with them; that I witnessed their cheer- 
fulness in camp and their splendid courage in the field; that I 
learned from them some of the best lessons of my life, as I saw 
them, poorly clad, and poorly fed, and poorly paid, march will- 
ingly to their hard tasks and fight their unequal battles. It is 
an inspiration and strength to the greatest and best to see men 
die in this high spirit, and his must be a sordid heart that can 
feel no exaltation of his nature here today when the great Gov- 
ernment under which we live, and against which we strove 
with all our might and main, hails Ex Confederate soldiers on 
a battlefield of common glory, and salutes with its triumphant 
flag the monument South Carolina has erected to Confederate 
valor. 

And now, my countrymen, I have the honor, which I most 
dearly prize, of directing the unveiling of this sacred monu- 
ment on this hallowed spot. I shall call the names of four girls 
from South Carolina who represent the four commands of South 
Carolina troops who had the honor to share in the ^acrificeof 
this great battlefield. These fair daughters of our mother, the 
State, with their own faithful hands, will present to your view 
Carolina's tribute of honor and devotion to her faithful sons. 

Representing Kershaw's brigade, Elberta Bland, the grand- 
daughter of Lieut. Col. Elbert Bland, of the 7th South Caro- 
lina volunteers, Kershaw's brigade, who fell just yonder, near 
this spot, leading his gallant regiment in the advance upon 
Saodgrass Hill. 



38 I^ROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

Representing the loth and 19th South Carolina regiments, 
Manigault's brigade, Ada Orie Walker, the grand-daughter of 
Lieut. Col. C. I. Walker, of the loth South Carolina volun- 
teers, who has fought the battle over for us as the historical 
orator of the day. 

Representing the 24th South Carolina volunteers, Gist's bri- 
gade, Mary Sydnor Dupre, the grand-niece of Col. Clement 
Henry Stevens, who led the 24th South Carolina volunteers on 
the extreme Confederate right and who, promoted to the rank 
of brigadier general, was mortally wounded in front of his bri- 
gade at Atlanta on the 20th of July, 1864. 

Representing Culpepper's brigade. Miss Elizabeth C Teague. 

Now, young ladies, in the name of your fathers' comrades, 
and in the name of our mother, the State of South Carolina, I 
bid you unveil the monument she has here erected to the valor 
of her soldiers at Chickamauga. 

As Gen. Capers concluded his address he presented to the 
audience one by one the young ladies who were to pull the veil 
from the monument. They v;ere: For Kershaw's brigade, Miss 
Elberta Blt^nd; for the loth and 19th South Carolina, Miss Ada 
Orie Walker; for the 24th, Miss Marie Dupre; for Culpepper's 
battery, Mi?s Elizabeth C. Teague. They v.ere escorted to the 
monument by Col. James G. Holme?, and as they pulled the 
curtain there stocd exposed the handsome monument. 

After the monument had been unveiled Gov. McSweeney 
introduced Gen. Henry V. Eoynton who made the following 
address: 

Gen. Henry V. Boynton's Address. 

Fellow Citizens : To all of ns this must be an overwhelming 
scene. Here have met, with cordial greetings, whose sincerity 
none will question, those who in years which seem but as yes- 
terday, as we stand here and recall them, jought against each 
other in desperate and long-sustained conflict, as notable as 
any recorded in the history of wars. 

It will give emphasis to these most remarkable surroundings 
if we try for a moment to picture to ourselves the universal 
bewilderment of those great hosts who on this vast battlefield 
gave their lives for their convictions, if at the command of some 
prophet of this new day they should lise and confront each other 
in their splendid ranks again, and look around. 

What would they say to each other as they learned fact after 
fact of this park project? That the National Government owned 
it? That it had erected tablets and markers to Union organi- 
zations and Confederate organizations alike? That it had main- 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 39 

tained for years a commission composed of Union and Confed- 
erate Veterans whose earnest charge, under national law, has 
been to ascertain and impartially record in enduring form the 
facts of the notable campaigns and battles of this region? That 
every Southern State, and every Northern State, through com- 
missions chosen by each, have had full voice in determining the 
records here preserved? That the National Congress has appro- 
priated over a million dollars that these great fields of war 
might remain for ages as an object lesson of impartial military 
history illustrating the prowess of Americans in battle? 

As Confederate and Union groups spread over the field, how 
at every step wonder would grow into astonishment as monu- 
ment after monument from South and North, and tablet after 
tablet to the men of Rosecrans and the men of Bragg came 
into view, each telling in exact terms the story of the fight — 
the troops of every State having their location, and every regi- 
ment and battery its impartial history. 

If the fallen heroes of South Carolina in these groups which 
we have summoned from the past, in their wanderings over 
the field seeking solution of thick sown mysteries, should 
come upoi# this gathering, would their amazement be lessened 
to find the authorities of South Carolina, the banner State of 
their great war, and crowds of its citizens and Veterans wel- 
comed by the National Government to a national park, and, 
assisted by representatives of its Secretary of War especially 
commissioned thereto, dedicating a monument to tell to the 
ages the proud story of their own heroism in battle? 

How should we explain this scene to these heroes whose 
eyes closed in death a generaticn ago while this field was 
rocking in the convulsions of tremendous civil war? 

It is a brief story, but no less a most amazing one. Its main 
points are that the soldiers of each side fought themselves into 
mutual respect. Then came great industrial developments and 
closer intermingling of the sections. Then a foreign war, in 
whose heat the last vestiges of sectionalism were consumed, and 
Southern and Northern veterans of the civil war and their 
sons by the hundreds of thousands grasped the flag of the re- 
united nation and carried it round the earth together. 

And as these heroes heard the story its wonders would not 
at any stage grow less. They would learn that in the great 
camp which dominated the National Capitol Major Gen. M. C. 
Butler, of South Carolina, commanded under a commission 
from the President of the United States. In Cuba and the 
Philippines they would hear of Joe Wheeler and Fitzhugh Lee. 
They would learn of Shafter and Brooke and James H. Wilson 



40 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

with Lee and Wheeler in Cuba, or Porto Rico, of ChafTee and 
Wilson in China, and soldiers from every State of the Union so 
scattered around the earth with these noted leaders that the 
sun in its daily course constantly shines on the flag of the 
great Republic. 

There is no such story in history. There was never one 
which gave such promise of greatness, and grandeur, and good 
for the race. As thus the panorama of our present national 
greatness unrolled before them would they not with one accord 
exclaim: "We builded wiser than we knew, and surely we did 
not die in vain." 

Those acquainted with this field may desire to know why 
this particular spot is appropriate for a monument to South 
Carolina soldiers. First, more troops of that State fought 
together aloug Snodgrass Hill than any other portion of the 
field. At one extreme was Kershaw, with his entire brigade 
of South Carolinians, at the other the loth and 19th of Mani- 
gault. While we must not forget the 24th that threw itself 
wiih undaunted courage against the Union log works on the 
Kelly field, under its distinguished commander. Col. C. H. 
Stevens, and the present Bishop of South Carolina, or the guns 
of Culpepper, which pounded their way through the Union 
lines at the Brotherton house on Sunday, it was here that the 
flags of South Carolina were thickest, and here that her sons 
contributed to military story one of the proudest chapters of 
pluck and endurance to be found in the annals of war. 

This record was not won because their magnificent storming 
lines rushed up these heights twice or thrice, or four times over 
the wreck and the horrors of each preceding wave ; but because 
from noon until the going down of the sun, time and again 
these lines formed, pressed upward into the very flame of the 
rifles on the crest, drew back to the base, reformed and stormed 
on in wonderful succession till night ended these dreadful pen- 
dulum beats of a battle scene which will never pass from the 
pages of American history. 

It is one of the earliest facts connected with the inception ot 
this park project that the memory of South Carolina valor on 
the slopes of Snodgrass Hill, recalled by Northern veterans 
revisiting the field and standing there, first suggested and gave 
enduring form to the idea that this should be a park impartially 
recording deeds of valor and the whole be wrought out as an 
object lesson of American prowe&s in battle. 

The first prophecy of such an event as this in which we join 
today fell from the lips of Gen. Lytle,the union soldier-poet, who 
commanded a brigade and fell at the head of it in sight of where 



SOUTH CAROIvINA MONUMENT GHICKAMAUGA. 4! 

we stand. In a speech to his regiment a few days before it 
marched from Bridgeport towards this field, in accepting a jew- 
elled token of its esteem, among other beautiful and patriotic 
utterances was this: 

' 'It will be for you above all others * * =*= to heal up the sores 
and scars and cover up the bloody foot-prints that war will 
leave; to bury in oblivion all animosities against your former 
foe; and, chivalrous as you are brave, standing on stricken 
fields, forever memorable in history, side by side with the Vir- 
ginian, the Mississippian, or Alabamian,^ to carve on bronze 
or marble the glowing epitaph that tells us of Southern as well 
as Northern valor." 

And here, we comrades of Lytle, stand today with the com- 
rades of Kershaw, Capers and Pressley, and in the presence of 
South Carolina, as represented by her Chief Magistrate and 
many public men of renown, look with mutual and equal sat- 
isfaction upon the glowing epitaph graven in bronze upon that 
shaft which tells to us, and will tell to the ages, the tribute 
which South Carolina pays to the valor of her sons. 

Here we stand, not forgetting the past — for veterans can 
never forget the intensity of those years when they fought for 
their convictions —yielding each to each a full measure of sin- 
cerity; remembering those with whom we marched against 
each other in those magnificent lines of battle which we have 
all looked out upon; not forgetting the flags under which we 
marched, for while one is a memory, it is a memory which 
every brave man must respect — not forgetting anything except 
our mutual bitterness, and remembering that a new day has 
dawned and draws near to its meridian splendors, here we stand, 
and join our hands as the soldiers of that new day of commer- 
cial activity and world-wide renown. 

The sneer has vanished which has so long played over the 
face of Europe when this country was named. In its place are 
lines of very sober thought. Already the shadow of commer- 
cial eclipse is falling upon those nations as the great Republic, 
with its energies, its resources, its facilities, and its acknowl- 
edged military prowess on land and sea, moves steadily on 
along the path of its destiny between these nations and the sun. 
And South and North together are pressing oa to those fields 
of national renown which seem to lie along the near horizon. 

To you. Governor McSweeney, the members of the park 
commission desire me to return special thanks and acknowl- 
edgment for the interest you have manifested and the efi&cient 
aid you have rendered in securing for the Veterans of South 
Carolina an enduring recognition of the prominence which is 



42 PROeEEDINGS OF UNVEILIlSfii 

their due on this memorable battlefield. In this work you were 
most fortunate in the selection of your commission. With no 
other has the national commission had more pleasant relations. 
From first to last, both personal conference and the correspon- 
dence with your able secretary, Gen. C. I. Walker, have been 
marked by a friendliness and courtesy which we highly appre- 
ciate, and which it has been our constant desire to return in 
kind. There has been unanimous agreement about locations, 
and perfect accord over all inscriptions, and thus the work 
accomplished has the joint endorsement of the monument com- 
mission of your State and the national park commission, and 
has been approved by the Secretary of War. 

Commissioned by that Secretary, to whom every Veteran is 
deeply indebted for the lively interest he has manifested in all 
our national parks, it only remains for me, acting for him, to 
receive from the State of South Carolina into the keeping of 
the nation this, her tribute to those sons who followed her flags 
and were true to her. However we may have differed upon 
the questions which summoned the sections to the field of battle, 
and so into the Court of final earthly resort, no one withholds 
the meed of praise due the soldierly devotion, the undaunted 
courage and the splendid deeds of valor which have made 
famous the name of the American soldier the worM around. 

None who heard them will forget the uplifting words of that 
splendid soldier and ardent patriot, Gen. John B. Gordon, the 
worthy-commander-in-chief of the As-sociated Confederate Vet- 
erans, at the dedication of this park. Let me quote a single 
paragraph, as fitting now as then: 

"And what an hour it is, my countrymen. An hour wherein 
the heroic remnants of the once hostile and now historic armies 
of the 'sixties meet as brothers — meet on the same field where 
in furious onset through deadly fire they rushed upon each 
other — 

When shook these hills with thunder riven. 
And louder than the bolts of heaven, 
Far fl. shed the red artillery. 

"When rank was piled on rank, borne down by storms of 
lead until Chickamauga's waters ran red with blood. What an 
hour, I repeat, is this, wherein these once warring heroes meet 
to lay in mutual confidence and respect their joint trophies on the 
common altar — meet at the bidding of the common Govern- 
ment to dedicate by joint action Chickamauga's field to com- 
mon memories and the immortal honor of all." 

Equally fitting and appropriate to this occasion were the 



SOUTH CAROUNA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 43 

words of Tennessee's eloquent Senator and most brilliant sol- 
dier on this field, Gen. William B. Bate, who said: 

"We have assembled on these glorious battlefields for the 
preservation and perpetuation of sacred memories; to treasure 
the recollections of heroic deeds ; to compare in friendly criti- 
cism our past actions, and advance by lessons to be learned here 
the con\mon glory of our common country. Here, within 
sight of this stand, we and they the living and the dead, Con- 
federate and Federal— fought for the right as each understood 
it, for the Constitution as each construed it, and for libertv as 
each interpreted it. 

"With sheathless swords in sinewy hands we, thirty-two years 
after, again obey the assembly call, we respond to the long 
roll and fall in line, not to renew the battle nor to rekindle the 
strife, nor even to argue as to which won the victory, but to 
gather up the rich fruits of both the victory and defeat as treas- 
ures of inestimable value to our common country." 

To these sentiments of Southern patriots whose names are 
household words with you, the whole country responds today 
with a cordiality which is the marvel, I had almost said the 
apprehension, of the world. 

Through the Secretary of War the nation receives your gift 
and adds it to its treasures. 



44 PROCEBDINGS OF UNVEIUNO 

DESCRIPTION OF THE MONUMENT ANI> 
MARKERS. 



THE LARGE MONUMENT. 

Which South Carolina has erected to her faithful sons, those 
who fought, and those who fell at Chickamauga, is on the 
ground where Kershaw's Brigade swept over, as they moved 
victoriously forward to the foot of Snodgrass Hill proper. Just 
opposite the Park (Iron) Marker for Kershaw's Brigade, the 
road to the Monument turns ofiF from the Park Road which 
runs along the South base of Snodgrass Hill. A fine road, to 
and around it, has been constructed by the Park Commission. 

The Monument and Markers were erected by the Stewart 
Stone Co. of Columbia, S. C. The pavement around the Mon- 
ument was laid by Chas. E. Smith, contractor, Chattanooga. 
All the foundation work was most substantially constructed, 
without cost to the State, by the Park Commission. 

The Monument is of South Carolina Granite, the stone work 
being at the base 15 ft. 9 in. x f ft. 9 in. and is 20 ft. 5 in. 
high. The paving around the Monument, is circular, with a 
radius of 15 ft. io}4 in. giving clear space in front of the Mon- 
ument of 12 ft. On either side of the Monument are hand- 
some, original bronze figures. That to the South being an 
Infantry Soldier, in the act of loading, and clothed in a true 
old time Confederate uniform. That to the North, ^beiug an 
Artillerist, sponge staflf in his right hand, with his left hand 
raised shading his eyes to see the effect of the shot just made. 
Both figures are life like and liviag, true to nature and of 
splendid action. The Monument is capped with a bronze pal- 
metto tree, emblematic of South Carolina, 13 ft. high. 

The total height of the Monument is 33 ft. 5 in. 

On the West front on the upper stone is a bronze Coat of 
Arras of the State of South Carolina, Below it, on the stone 
forming the top of the base, the words, in large letters "South 
Carolina," and on the main base stone the following inscrip- 
tion: 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 45 

To her faithful sons at Chickamauga 

South Carolina 

erects this monument to commemorate 

the valor they proved, and the lives they gave, 

on this great battlefield. 

On the back or East side, towards the Dyer field on the main 

base stone is the following inscription: 

Kershaw's Brigade. 

2nd S. C. Regiment "I 

3d S. C. Regiment j Killed 65 

7th S. C. Regiment I Wounded 438 

8th S. C. Regiment \ Misting i 

15th S. C. Regiment 

James' (3d) S. C. Battalion J 

Of Manigault's Brigade. ( Killed 26 

I oth S. C. Regiment \ r„„^„i,-Haff./i -^ Mortally wounded 40 
19th S. C. Regiment J ^onsonaatea ^ bounded 170 

Of Gist's Brigade. ~| Killed 43 

24th S. C. Regiment >■ Wounded 114 

J Missing 12 

Culpepper's Battery Wounded 14 

THE MARKERS FOR KERSHAW'S BRIGADE 

Is on Snodgrass Hill immediately, above the Park (Iron) 
Marker, showing the position of this Brigade. It is of 
rough granite and is inscribed: 

Kershaw's South Carolina Brigade. 
McLaw's Div., Longstreet's Corps, Army of Northern Virginia 
Sunday, September 20th. 1863. 
2nd. S. C" Regiment, L,t. Col. Franklin Gaillard 
3rd. S. C- " Col James D. Nance 
7th S. C. " Lt. Col, Elbert Bland (killed) 

Major John S. Hard (killed) . 
Capt E. J. Goggans 
8th. S. C. " Col John W. Henagan 

15th S C. " Col. Joseph F. Gist 

3rd. (James) S. C. Battalion, Capt. Joshua M. Town- 
send (killed) 

Capt. B. M. Whitener 

The Markers for the Regiment of Kershaw's Brigade are 
on the line of the Brigade Marker, all smaller than the Brigade 
Marker, of rough granite and arranged from right to left and 
inscribed, respectively as follows : 



46 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

8th. Regiment South Carolina Infantry 

Commander 

Col John W. Hanagan. 

15th. Regiment South Carolina Infantry. 

Commander 

Col. Joseph F. Gist 

7th. Regiment South Carolina Infantry 

Commanders, 

Lieut Col. Elbert Bland (killed.) 

Major John S. Hard (killed.) 

Captain E. J. Goggans. 

3rd Regiment South Carolina Infantry, 

Commander, 

Col. James D. Nance. 

3rd (James') Battalion South Carolina Infantry, 

Commanders, 

Capt. Joshua M. Townsend (killed.) 

Capt. B. M. Whitener. 

2nd Regiment South Carolina Infantry, 

Commander, 

Eieut. Col. Franklin Gaillard. 

The marker for the loth and 19th S. C. Regiment, 24th S. C. 
Regiment and Culpepper's Battery are the same as that for 
Kershaw's Brigade. 

THE MARKER FOR lOTH AND 19TH S. C. REGIMENT. 

Is placed on Snodgrass Hill, at the point of furthest advance 
of the Regiment during the afternoon's battle, and before the 
retirement of the Union forces enabled the Regiment to take 
position for the night on the east slope of Snodgrass Hill, 
about one quarter of a mile to the north of the position of Ker- 
shaw's afternoon's fight. It is inscribed: 

Furthest advance of 

Manigault's Brigade 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863. 

loth S. C. Regiment, ] ^ vj . 1 
^^, o ("> -D • * r Consolidated. 
19th S. C. Regiment, ) 

Col. James F. Pressley, Commanding. 
THE MARKER FOR 24TH S. C. REGIMENT 
Is in the Kelly field near the Shell monument to Col. Colquitt, 
and is inscribed : 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICK AM AUGA. 47 

Gist's Brigade 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863. 

24th S. C. Regiment, 

Col. Clement H. Stevens, Commanding. 

THE MARKER FOR CULPEPPER'S BATTERY 
is in the Poe field, about 300 yards north of the Georgia monu- 
ment, and is inscribed: 

Culpepper's South Carolina Battery. 

Sunday, September 20th, 1863. 
Capt. J. F» Culpepper, Commanding. 

All the Markers have the inscription on the side from which 
the Confederates advanced. 

In the corner stone of the monument was deposited: 

PRINTED BOOKS. 

1. Capt. D, Augustus Dickert's valuable History of Ker- 
shaw's Brigade. 

2. Col. C. I. Walker's sketch of the loth South Carolina 
Regiment. 

TYPEWRITTEN MANUSCRIPT. 

3. Copy of the sketch of loth and 19th South Carolina Regi- 
ments, by Gen. C. I. Walker, written for the State and at the 
request of the Adjutant General of South Carolina. 

4. Sketch of 19th and 24th South Carolina Regiments, by 
Gen. Ellison Capers. 

5. Roll of Culpepper's Battery. 

6. Rolls of 1 6th and 24th South Carolina Regiments and 
Culpepper's Battery — the rolls of Kershaw's Brigade being in 
Capt. Dickert's book, and of loth South Carolina Regiment in 
Col. Walker's book. 

7. List of Commissions appointed by the State for Chicka- 
mauga. 

In the corner stone of Kershaw's Brigade Marker was de- 
posited : 

Capt. D. A. Dickert's History of Kershaw's Brigade. 

In the corner stone of loth and 19th S. C. Regiment Marker s 
are deposited: 

Col. C. I. Walker's sketch of the loth S. C. Regiment. 

Copy of typewritten sketch of lothand 19th S. C. Regiments, 
by Gen. C. I. Walker, written for the State and at the request 
of the Adjutant and Inspector General. 



48 PROCEEDINGS OF UNVEILING 

In the corner stone of the 24th S. C. Regiment Marker was 
deposited: 

Typewritten sketch of i6th and 24th S. C. Regiments, by 
•Gen. Ellison Capers. 

In the corner stone of Culpepper's Battery nothing was de- 
posited, as frequent requests to the Captain and a Ivieutenant 
of the Battery failed to secure any matter. 

History of the Vapious Commissions. 

The United States Chickamauga and Chattanooga National 
Park Commission, invited all States whose troops participated 
in the battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga (Missionary 
Ridge) to send on State Commissions to mark the various 
positions of their troops, that the history of these battlefields 
should be truthfnlly preserved and to erect monuments and 
markers on the fields. In response to the invitation of the 
United States Government, the State ot South Carolina took 
action as follows : 

First Commission. 

To locate positions of South Carolina troops, visited the 
battlefield, May i8th, 1894, and located the positions thereof. 
The Commission was composed as follows: 

■General Hugh L. Farley, 

Adjt. and Insp. Gen'l of South Carolina. 

Maj. C. K. Henderson, ^ Veterans of 

Capt. E. J Goegans, [ ,, veterans ot 

Maj. J. D McLucas, j Kershaw's Brigade. 

Gen. C. Irvine Walker, ) ,, , , 

Capt. R. F McCaslan, [ , ., y^ff^S o u .♦ 

L. P. Harling, ) ^°t^ ^"^ ^9th S- C. Reg't. 

Capt. Thos J. Appleby J- Veteran of 24th S. C. Reg't. 

Capt. J. F. Culpepper, \ Veterans of 

Lieut. Perry Moses, ) Culpepper's Battery. 

F. M. Mixson — At Large. 

The above Commission recommended that suitable monu- 
ment and markers be erected. In response thereto the. 

Second Commission, 

Was appointed under authority of a Joint Resolution of the 



SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 49 

General Assembly, December 22nd, 1894, to select designs and 
secure estimates for said monument and markers. 

This Commission was composed as follows. 

General C Irvine Walker. 

Major J. D. McIyUcas. 

Major C. K. Henderson. 

The above Second Commission selected designs, secured esti- 
mates and reported to the next session of the General Assem- 
bly but no appropriation was made. 

The matter rested until its Convention of 1899 the South 
Carolina Division, United Confederate Veterans, decided to 
memorialize the General Assembly and urge that proper 
respect be paid to South Carolina's sons, who fought and died 
at Chickamauga. In response thereto the 

Thipd Commission 

Was authorized by the General Assembly, at its session of 
1900, and an appropriation or $10,000, was made for the erec- 
tion of said Monument and Markers, to be erected by the Com- 
mission, at such places as it may decide on. This act creating 
this Commission passed the Legislature with .singular unani- 
mity In the House of Representatives it passed unanimously 
and in the Senate with only six votes against it. The Com- 
mission was to consist of the Governor, Adjutant and Inspector 
General, and three Confederate Veterans to be appointed by 
ihe Governor. It was composed as follows: 

Governor Miles B McSweeney, Chairman. 

Gen. C Irvine Walker, Secretary. [ Veteran 

Gen. J. W Floyd, ' 1 Veteran, but appointed 

Adjt. and Insp't Gen'l of S. C. ) Kx Officio 

Maj. C. K. Henderson, ) Veterans 

Col. J. Harvey Wilson, / veterans. 

Under the Supervision of the above third Commission, the 
South Carolina Monument, was erected The site selected was 
on the rising ground to the northwest of the Dyer Field, on 
the foothills of Snodgrass Hill, where Kershaw, swept victo- 
riously over. It was dedicated, unveiled and turned over to 
the Commissioners of the Chickamauga and Chattanooga 
National Park on the twenty-seventh day of May A. D. 1901. 



50 SOUTH CAROLINA MONUMENT CHICKAMAUGA. 

Also were erected the Granite Markers for the various Com- 
mands of South Carolinians as follows: 

One to Kershaw's Brigade, and one to each of its Regiments, 
i. e. 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 8th, and 15th South Carolina Regiments, 
and James South Carolina Battalion on Snodgrass Hill. 

One to the lOth and 19th South Carolina Regiment on 
Snodgrass Hill. 

One to the 24th South Carolina Regiment on the Kelly Farm, 
near the Shell Monument to Col. Colquitt. 

One to Culpepper's Battery inthePoe Field. 



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